Rolston Kenneth V I, Kontoyiannis Dimitrios P, Yadegarynia Davood, Raad Issam I
Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health, The University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2005 Mar;51(3):215-8. doi: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2004.11.002.
Despite a decline in the frequency of gram-negative infections in cancer patients, there has been an increase in the proportion of such infections caused by nonfermentative gram-negative bacilli (NFGNB). We tested the in vitro activity of several quinolones against NFGNB isolated from cancer patients between February 2000 and February 2003, using a broth microdilution method. Ciprofloxacin was the most potent agent tested against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, although only 80% of isolates were susceptible to it. The newer quinolones (gatifloxacin, moxifloxacin, and garenoxacin) had better activity than ofloxacin, levofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin, against many other nonfermenters (Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, P. fluorescens, and P. putida).
尽管癌症患者中革兰氏阴性菌感染的频率有所下降，但由非发酵革兰氏阴性杆菌（NFGNB）引起的此类感染比例却有所增加。我们采用肉汤微量稀释法，测试了2000年2月至2003年2月期间从癌症患者中分离出的几种喹诺酮类药物对NFGNB的体外活性。环丙沙星是测试的对铜绿假单胞菌最有效的药物，尽管只有80%的分离株对其敏感。新型喹诺酮类药物（加替沙星、莫西沙星和加雷沙星）对许多其他非发酵菌（嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌、荧光假单胞菌和恶臭假单胞菌）的活性优于氧氟沙星、左氧氟沙星和环丙沙星。
