Stentiford G D, Feist S W
Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (CEFAS), Barrack Road, Weymouth, Dorset DT4 8UB, UK.
J Invertebr Pathol. 2005 Feb;88(2):136-46. doi: 10.1016/j.jip.2005.01.006.
Invertebrates show considerable potential as sentinel organisms for the monitoring of the health status of aquatic systems. They are generally small, abundant, relatively sessile, and may readily bioaccumulate toxins. Cascade-like stress responses can occur following acute or chronic exposures to contaminated environments and as such, the overall health status of individuals within those environments, both in terms of histopathological lesions and the presence of infecting organisms, may ultimately reflect the general health status of these sites. The current study provides baseline multi-organ histopathological data for two common crustacean species, the shore crab (Carcinus maenas) and the brown shrimp (Crangon crangon) collected from six UK estuarine sites. Changes in the metabolic condition of crustaceans from these sites (measured in terms of connective tissue storage cell status) were interpreted in relation to other health measures (including parasite load and the presence of microbial pathogens). The relative ease at which a holistic assessment of health can be made using histopathology and the suitability of these species as environmental sentinels provide support for the inclusion of crustaceans as indicators of aquatic environmental health. Studies linking disease status to burdens of industrial contamination in these environments are now required.
无脊椎动物在监测水生系统健康状况方面显示出巨大潜力，可作为指示生物。它们通常体型小、数量多、相对固定，并且可能容易生物累积毒素。在急性或慢性暴露于受污染环境后，可能会出现级联式应激反应，因此，这些环境中个体的整体健康状况，无论是从组织病理学损伤还是感染生物的存在方面来看，最终都可能反映这些地点的总体健康状况。本研究提供了从英国六个河口站点采集的两种常见甲壳类动物——岸蟹（Carcinus maenas）和褐虾（Crangon crangon）的多器官组织病理学基线数据。根据其他健康指标（包括寄生虫负荷和微生物病原体的存在）对这些站点甲壳类动物的代谢状况变化（根据结缔组织储存细胞状态衡量）进行了解释。利用组织病理学进行整体健康评估的相对简便性以及这些物种作为环境指示生物的适用性，为将甲壳类动物纳入水生环境健康指标提供了支持。现在需要开展将这些环境中的疾病状况与工业污染负担联系起来的研究。
