Eapen V, Ghubash R, Salem M O, Sabri S
Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box 17666, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.
Community Genet. 2005;8(1):61-4. doi: 10.1159/000083342.
Phobic anxiety disorders generally breed true. In this regard, family studies have suggested an association between childhood shyness and maternal social phobia. In this study, the relationship between childhood shyness and maternal social anxiety was examined.
203 5-year-old children from an Arabian Gulf community and their mothers were evaluated. The children were assessed in stage 1 using the shyness scale of Stevenson-Hinde and Glover and the Preschool Behavior Checklist (PBCL), while mothers completed the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale. In the second stage, blind clinical interviews were carried out to ascertain the diagnosis of psychiatric diagnoses, if any, using DSM-IV criteria.
27% of the children were identified as shy using the shyness scale of Stevenson-Hinde and Glover and 19% scored above the cutoff for behavioral disturbance on the PBCL. Child shyness was associated with female gender and maternal social anxiety as indicated by scores on the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale, while an inverse relationship was noted with behavioral disturbance. The odds of the child having a high shyness score was increased if the mother had social anxiety (odds ratio = 2.14) and the child lived in a family that was 'not socially active' (odds ratio = 1.42).
Our initial findings suggest that there may be a complex interaction between maternal social anxiety and family sociability in childhood shyness. Prospective longitudinal work is indicated.
恐惧性焦虑障碍通常具有遗传性。在这方面，家族研究表明儿童期害羞与母亲社交恐惧症之间存在关联。在本研究中，对儿童期害羞与母亲社交焦虑之间的关系进行了调查。
对来自阿拉伯湾社区的203名5岁儿童及其母亲进行了评估。在第一阶段，使用史蒂文森 - 欣德和格洛弗的害羞量表以及学前行为清单（PBCL）对儿童进行评估，而母亲们则完成利博维茨社交焦虑量表。在第二阶段，进行了盲法临床访谈，以根据《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版（DSM - IV）标准确定是否存在精神疾病诊断。
使用史蒂文森 - 欣德和格洛弗的害羞量表，27%的儿童被确定为害羞，19%的儿童在PBCL上的行为障碍得分高于临界值。儿童害羞与女性性别以及利博维茨社交焦虑量表得分所表明的母亲社交焦虑相关，而与行为障碍呈负相关。如果母亲有社交焦虑（优势比 = 2.14）且孩子生活在一个“社交不活跃”的家庭中（优势比 = 1.42），孩子害羞得分高的几率会增加。
我们的初步研究结果表明，在儿童期害羞方面，母亲社交焦虑与家庭社交性之间可能存在复杂的相互作用。需要进行前瞻性纵向研究。
