Puchalski Krzysztof
Z Krajowego Centrum Promocji Zdrowia w Miejscu Pracy, Instytutu Medycyny Pracy im. prof. J. Nofera, Lodzi.
Med Pr. 2004;55(5):417-24.
This paper outlines the beliefs of Polish employees about adverse effects of their own behavior on the health state along with underlying reasons for its health-damaging forms.
The research was carried out in 2002 as a questionnaire-based interview. It covered a random sample of 1134 employees working in 250 enterprises that hire over 100 people.
More than a half of respondents positively evaluated the influence of their behavior on health, but only 12% of them did avoid any type of health-damaging behavior. The respondents believed that in their conduct the following factors were most detrimental to their health: shortage of rest (50%), neglect of physical fitness (38%), smoking (34%), unhealthy nutrition (33%) and disregard to morbid symptoms (28%). Among the reasons for unhealthy behavior they emphasized various habitual aspects, the wish to derive pleasure, relaxation, and sense of freedom, and also avoidance of thinking about adverse effects of such a behavior.
Health education should to a much greater degree take into account individual motives for health-damaging behavior instead of focusing on dissemination of general knowledge.
本文概述了波兰员工对自身行为对健康状况的不利影响的看法，以及其有害健康行为形式的潜在原因。
该研究于2002年以问卷调查的形式开展。研究对象为从250家雇佣人数超过100人的企业中随机抽取的1134名员工。
超过半数的受访者对自身行为对健康的影响给予了积极评价，但其中只有12%的人避免了任何有害健康的行为。受访者认为，在他们的行为中，以下因素对健康危害最大：休息不足（50%）、忽视身体健康（38%）、吸烟（34%）、不健康饮食（33%）以及忽视疾病症状（28%）。在不健康行为的原因中，他们强调了各种习惯因素、寻求愉悦、放松和自由感的愿望，以及避免思考此类行为的不良影响。
健康教育应在更大程度上考虑有害健康行为的个体动机，而不是专注于传播一般知识。
