Frazee Lawrence A, Marinos Antonio E, Rybarczyk Amy M, Fulton Scott A
Akron General Medical Center, Akron, OH 44307-2463, USA.
Ann Pharmacother. 2005 May;39(5):908-12. doi: 10.1345/aph.1E585. Epub 2005 Mar 15.
To review the literature regarding long-term prophylaxis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) in patients with cirrhosis.
A MEDLINE (1967-September 2004) and bibliographic search of the English-language literature was conducted using the search terms spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, cirrhosis, antimicrobial, and prophylaxis.
Long-term antimicrobial prophylaxis has been shown to decrease recurrent SBP in cirrhotics with a prior episode. Prophylaxis in patients with low ascitic fluid protein has also been shown to reduce the incidence of SBP; however, studies are too in-homogeneous to identify subgroups that benefit the most.
Long-term antimicrobial therapy should be considered for secondary prophylaxis of SBP. Studies should be done to confirm this benefit and identify subsets of patients with low ascitic fluid protein who clearly benefit.
回顾关于肝硬化患者自发性细菌性腹膜炎（SBP）长期预防的文献。
使用搜索词“自发性细菌性腹膜炎”“肝硬化”“抗菌药物”和“预防”对1967年至2004年9月的MEDLINE英文文献进行检索，并进行文献目录搜索。
长期抗菌预防已被证明可降低有过自发性细菌性腹膜炎发作史的肝硬化患者的复发率。低腹水蛋白患者的预防也已证明可降低自发性细菌性腹膜炎的发生率；然而，研究的异质性太大，无法确定受益最大的亚组。
应考虑采用长期抗菌治疗对自发性细菌性腹膜炎进行二级预防。应开展研究以证实这种益处，并确定腹水蛋白低且明显受益的患者亚组。
