Schmidt R, Kaftan H, Hosemann W, Gräbel S
Klinik und Poliklinik für Hals-, Nasen- und Ohrenkrankheiten, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie der Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität Greifswald.
Laryngorhinootologie. 2005 Mar;84(3):182-6. doi: 10.1055/s-2004-825809.
The speech recognition performances in postlingually deaf patients, which had a long duration of deafness, seem to be poorer than in patients with a short duration of deafness. The reason could be a functional reorganization in the auditory cortex. A long time of auditory deprivation may decrease neuronal activity in the auditory related cortices. As the late acoustically evoked potentials are generated in this region, we compared the speech recognition performances and also the late acoustically evoked potentials with the individual duration of deafness in a series of postlingually deaf patients.
In 9 patients (cochlear implant (CI), MED EL) with postlingual deafness the late acoustically evoked potentials and the HSM-set-test on the quiet were measured. Additionally 1 patient with prelingual deafness was examined. The CI-operation was done, when he was 14 years old. The relations between the late acoustically evoked potentials and the speech recognition performances in dependence of the duration of deafness were examined.
Typical late acoustically evoked potentials could be measured in 3 patients only. The speech recognition in these patients was very good. The longest time of deafness in these patients was 6 years. In 6 patients the minimum duration of deafness was 12 years. Here were measured the N1-potentials only, the P2- and the N2-potentials were absent. In these patients the scores of the HSM-set-test were lower than in the others. In the 15-years old patient with prelingual deafness the speech recognition was absent. The late acoustically evoked potentials of this patient showed an atypical form.
The results of this study showed a correlation between the duration of deafness, the forms of the late acoustically evoked potentials and the speech perception. The duration of deafness preceding CI-implantation should be very small in deaf children and in postlingually deaf patients.
语后聋患者中，耳聋时间较长者的言语识别表现似乎比耳聋时间较短者更差。原因可能是听觉皮层的功能重组。长时间的听觉剥夺可能会降低听觉相关皮层的神经元活动。由于晚期听觉诱发电位在此区域产生，我们在一系列语后聋患者中比较了言语识别表现以及晚期听觉诱发电位与个体耳聋持续时间的关系。
对9名语后聋患者（使用MED-EL人工耳蜗）测量了安静环境下的晚期听觉诱发电位和HSM组测试。另外检查了1名语前聋患者。他14岁时接受了人工耳蜗植入手术。研究了晚期听觉诱发电位与言语识别表现之间依赖于耳聋持续时间的关系。
仅在3名患者中测量到了典型的晚期听觉诱发电位。这些患者的言语识别非常好。这些患者中最长的耳聋时间为6年。在6名患者中，最短的耳聋持续时间为12年。这里仅测量到了N1电位，P2和N2电位缺失。在这些患者中，HSM组测试的得分低于其他患者。在这名15岁的语前聋患者中，没有言语识别。该患者的晚期听觉诱发电位显示出非典型形式。
本研究结果表明耳聋持续时间、晚期听觉诱发电位形式与言语感知之间存在相关性。对于聋儿和语后聋患者，人工耳蜗植入前的耳聋持续时间应非常短。
