John Ulrich, Meyer Christian, Rumpf Hans-Jürgen, Schumann Anja, Hapke Ulfert
University of Greifswald, Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, Addiction Research Center, Walther-Rathenau-Str. 48, D 17487 Greifswald, Germany.
J Addict Dis. 2005;24(1):85-100. doi: 10.1300/J069v24n01_08.
The goal was to determine whether nicotine dependence levels remain consistent or change over three years. From a population- based sample of 4075 residents aged 18-64, drawn at random, data of 696 individuals was used, who had smoked cigarettes for 21 years on average. Nicotine dependence was assessed by the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) at baseline, and 30 and 36 months later. In addition, nicotine dependence and alcohol dependence were diagnosed according to the American Psychiatric Association (DSM-IV). We found an increase in the FTND over 36 months. Subgroups were revealed with sustained high, increasing, decreasing, and sustained low rates of the FTND sum score. Male gender, age at onset of smoking 15 years or younger, DSM-IV nicotine dependence, and DSM-IV alcohol dependence at baseline predicted a sustained high FTND. We conclude that nicotine dependence is increasing even after many years of smoking in an adult population sample.
目标是确定尼古丁依赖水平在三年间是保持稳定还是会发生变化。从随机抽取的4075名18 - 64岁居民的总体样本中，使用了696名个体的数据，这些个体平均吸烟21年。在基线、30个月和36个月后，通过尼古丁依赖的Fagerström测试（FTND）评估尼古丁依赖情况。此外，根据美国精神病学协会（DSM - IV）诊断尼古丁依赖和酒精依赖。我们发现36个月内FTND有所增加。FTND总分显示出持续高、上升、下降和持续低的亚组情况。男性、15岁及以下开始吸烟、基线时的DSM - IV尼古丁依赖和DSM - IV酒精依赖可预测FTND持续处于高位。我们得出结论，在成年人群样本中，即使经过多年吸烟，尼古丁依赖仍在增加。
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