Kinzinger Gero S M, Gross Ulrich, Fritz Ulrike B, Diedrich Peter R
Department of Orthodontics, University of Aachen, Pauwelsstrasse 30, Aachen D-52074, Germany.
Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2005 Mar;127(3):314-23. doi: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2004.09.014.
The aim of this study was to assess dental anchorage qualities when the pendulum appliance is used for distal molar movement.
Thirty adolescents in various dentition stages received a modified pendulum appliance with a distal screw and a specially preactivated pendulum spring for bilateral molar distalization in the maxilla. The subjects were subcategorized into 3 groups of 10 according to the dental anchorage used: deciduous molars, premolars and deciduous molars, or only premolars. Dentoalveolar effects and side effects in the anchorage unit and in the molar area were determined by cephalometric analysis.
Statistical analysis of the measurements showed significant differences between groups in the extent of molar distalization and the resulting incisor protrusion. Distal tipping of the 6-year molars was significantly less severe (2.3 degrees +/- 1.58 degrees to the palatal plane and 2.55 degrees +/- 1.52 degrees to the anterior cranial base) in patients with premolar anchorage than in those with deciduous molar anchorage (6.15 degrees +/- 3.42 degrees and 6.35 degrees +/- 3.46 degrees ). Incisor protrusion was significantly more pronounced in patients with deciduous molar anchorage (2.75 +/- 1.4 mm) than in the other 2 groups (1.65 +/- 0.82 mm, mixed deciduous molar and premolar anchorage, and 1.75 +/- 0.75 mm, premolar anchorage). Additionally, incisor protrusion was translatory compared with controlled tipping in subjects with deciduous molar anchorage or premolar and deciduous molar anchorage.
Deciduous molars and premolars can be used for anchorage for molar distalization with a pendulum appliance; however, anchorage with premolars only results in the least pronounced dentoalveolar side effects. The anchorage quality of deciduous molar and mixed deciduous molar/premolar anchorage is limited.
本研究旨在评估使用摆式矫治器远移磨牙时的牙齿支抗特性。
30名处于不同牙列期的青少年接受了改良的摆式矫治器，该矫治器带有远移螺旋和专门预激活的摆式弹簧，用于双侧上颌磨牙远移。根据所使用的牙齿支抗，将受试者分为3组，每组10人：乳磨牙、乳磨牙和前磨牙联合使用，或仅使用前磨牙。通过头影测量分析确定支抗单位和磨牙区域的牙牙槽骨效应及副作用。
测量结果的统计分析显示，各组在磨牙远移程度和由此导致的切牙前突方面存在显著差异。仅使用前磨牙支抗的患者，其6岁磨牙向腭平面远中倾斜（2.3度±=1.58度）和向前颅底远中倾斜（2.55度±=1.52度）的程度明显低于使用乳磨牙支抗的患者（6.15度±=3.42度和6.35度±=3.46度）。使用乳磨牙支抗的患者切牙前突（2.75±=1.4毫米）明显比其他两组更明显（1.65±=0.82毫米，乳磨牙和前磨牙联合支抗；1.75±=0.75毫米，前磨牙支抗）。此外，与使用乳磨牙支抗或乳磨牙和前磨牙联合支抗的受试者的控制性倾斜相比，使用乳磨牙支抗的受试者切牙前突为平移性。
乳磨牙和前磨牙均可作为摆式矫治器远移磨牙的支抗；然而，仅使用前磨牙支抗导致的牙牙槽骨副作用最不明显。乳磨牙支抗以及乳磨牙和前磨牙联合支抗的支抗质量有限。
