影响母血与脐血铅含量差异的因素。
Factors influencing the difference between maternal and cord blood lead.
作者信息
Harville E W, Hertz-Picciotto I, Schramm M, Watt-Morse M, Chantala K, Osterloh J, Parsons P J, Rogan W
机构信息
Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, CB #7435, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7435, USA.
出版信息
Occup Environ Med. 2005 Apr;62(4):263-9. doi: 10.1136/oem.2003.012492.
AIMS
To determine the factors that affect why some infants receive higher exposures relative to the mother's body burden than do others.
METHODS
A total of 159 mother-infant pairs from a cohort of women receiving prenatal care at Magee-Womens Hospital in Pittsburgh, PA from 1992 to 1995 provided blood samples at delivery for lead determination. The difference between cord and maternal blood lead concentration (PbB) and a dichotomous variable indicator of higher cord than maternal PbB, were examined as indicators of relative transfer. Women were interviewed twice during the pregnancy about lifestyle, medical history, calcium nutrition, and physical activity.
RESULTS
Higher blood pressure was associated with relatively greater cord compared with maternal PbB, as was maternal alcohol use. Sickle cell trait and higher haemoglobin were associated with a lower cord relative to maternal blood lead PbB. No association was seen with smoking, physical exertion, or calcium consumption.
CONCLUSION
While reduction in maternal exposure will reduce fetal exposure, it may also be possible to mitigate infant lead exposure by reducing transfer from the pregnant woman. Interventions aimed at reducing blood pressure and alcohol consumption during pregnancy may be useful in this regard.
目的
确定一些婴儿相对于母亲体内负荷接受更高暴露量的影响因素。
方法
1992年至1995年期间，在宾夕法尼亚州匹兹堡市梅杰妇女医院接受产前护理的一组妇女中，共有159对母婴在分娩时提供了血样用于铅含量测定。将脐带血与母血铅浓度（PbB）的差值以及脐带血PbB高于母血PbB的二分变量指标作为相对转移的指标进行研究。在孕期对这些妇女进行了两次访谈，询问其生活方式、病史、钙营养状况和身体活动情况。
结果
与母血PbB相比，较高的血压与相对较高的脐带血PbB相关，母亲饮酒也与之相关。镰状细胞性状和较高的血红蛋白与脐带血相对于母血较低的PbB相关。未发现与吸烟、体力活动或钙摄入量有关联。
结论
虽然减少母亲暴露量会降低胎儿暴露量，但通过减少孕妇体内的铅转移，也有可能减轻婴儿的铅暴露。在这方面，旨在降低孕期血压和减少酒精摄入的干预措施可能会有所帮助。
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