Nouwen A, Solinger J W
Biofeedback Self Regul. 1979 Jun;4(2):103-11. doi: 10.1007/BF01007105.
Eighteen patients with chronic low back pain (lbp) of muscle tension origin were given an EMG biofeedback training. Compared to seven controls they showed a significant decrease during training in muscle tension and subsequently in pain. However, at follow-up EMG levels dropped to the initial (high) level. Pain scores of patients with high pain decrements during training showed further improvement during follow-up, which was not the case with patients showing less substantial improvement. The importance of cognitions was discussed.
