MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2005 Mar 25;54(11):272-4.
During 2003 and the first half of 2004, CDC received reports of eight varicella-related deaths. The age of the decedents ranged from 1 to 40 years. Six of the eight deaths occurred among children and adolescents aged <20 years. The cases were reported from Arizona (two), Maryland (two), Arkansas (one), New Hampshire (one), Ohio (one), and New York City (one). Six deaths occurred in unvaccinated persons. Vaccination status of the remaining two persons could not be determined. This report describes clinical data for three of the fatal varicella cases in children, reported from Arizona, Arkansas, and New York City; all three patients were susceptible and unvaccinated, but otherwise healthy. The three other children and adolescents, not described in detail in this report, were immunocompromised as a result of at least one preexisting condition. The findings in this report underscore 1) the importance of timely routine vaccination of children aged 12--18 months and catch-up vaccination of older susceptible children and adolescents according to current recommendations and 2) the need for timely and complete national varicella death surveillance.
在2003年至2004年上半年期间，美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）收到了8例与水痘相关的死亡报告。死者年龄从1岁至40岁不等。8例死亡中有6例发生在20岁以下的儿童和青少年中。这些病例分别来自亚利桑那州（2例）、马里兰州（2例）、阿肯色州（1例）、新罕布什尔州（1例）、俄亥俄州（1例）和纽约市（1例）。6例死亡发生在未接种疫苗的人群中。其余两人的疫苗接种状况无法确定。本报告描述了来自亚利桑那州、阿肯色州和纽约市的3例儿童致命水痘病例的临床数据；所有3例患者均易感且未接种疫苗，但其他方面健康。本报告未详细描述的另外3名儿童和青少年因至少一种既往疾病而免疫功能低下。本报告中的发现强调了1）按照当前建议及时对12至18个月龄儿童进行常规疫苗接种以及对大龄易感儿童和青少年进行补种的重要性，以及2）及时、全面开展全国水痘死亡监测的必要性。
