Seitz Robert, Vilpoux Kathia, Hopp Ulrich, Harzsch Steffen, Maier Gerhard
University of Ulm, Dept. Bio III (Experimental Ecology of Animals), Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, D-89069 Ulm, Germany.
J Exp Zool A Comp Exp Biol. 2005 May 1;303(5):393-405. doi: 10.1002/jez.a.143.
Development, growth, and egg production of the Marmorkrebs (marbled crayfish), a crayfish with parthenogenetic reproduction, uncertain geographic origin, and taxonomic position, was studied under laboratory conditions. Length and weight increments strongly depended on temperature being highest at 30 degrees C, and lowest at 15 degrees C. At 25 degrees C, cephalothorax length and weight increased by 17.5 mm and 1700 mg, respectively, in the course of 150 d, whereas at 15 degrees C these parameters increased by only 7 mm and 100 mg during the same period of time. Photoperiod slightly affected growth at 25 degrees C. During growth experiments, mortality was lower at 20 degrees C compared to higher (25 degrees , 30 degrees C) or lower temperatures (15 degrees C), and lower under short-day than under long-day conditions. Females matured early (at an age of 141-255 d, a cephalothorax length of 14-21.5 mm, and a weight of 0.63-2 g) compared to other crayfish species. Reproductive females with a cephalothorax length of between 25-35 mm produced large clutches (up to 416 eggs) and brooding periods varied between 22 and 42 d. In order to establish a staging scheme for Marmorkrebs embryos, embryos were photographed, externally visible ontogenetic events charted, and dissected embryos stained with a nuclear dye. These experiments indicate that their development is virtually identical to that of other crayfish. In conclusion, these results and others show that the Marmorkrebs may be taken as a representative valid model organism for future developmental studies on Crustacea.
研究了大理石纹螯虾（一种具有孤雌生殖、地理起源不明且分类地位不确定的螯虾）在实验室条件下的发育、生长和产卵情况。体长和体重的增加强烈依赖于温度，在30℃时最高，在15℃时最低。在25℃下，头胸甲长度和体重在150天内分别增加了17.5毫米和1700毫克，而在15℃时，在相同时间段内这些参数仅增加了7毫米和100毫克。光周期对25℃下的生长有轻微影响。在生长实验中，20℃时的死亡率低于较高温度（25℃、30℃）或较低温度（15℃），且短日照条件下的死亡率低于长日照条件。与其他螯虾物种相比，雌性成熟较早（年龄为141 - 255天，头胸甲长度为14 - 21.5毫米，体重为0.63 - 2克）。头胸甲长度在25 - 35毫米之间的生殖雌性产出大量卵（多达416枚），抱卵期在22至42天之间变化。为了建立大理石纹螯虾胚胎的分期方案，对胚胎进行拍照，绘制外部可见的个体发育事件，并对解剖的胚胎用核染料染色。这些实验表明它们的发育与其他螯虾几乎相同。总之，这些结果及其他研究表明，大理石纹螯虾可作为未来甲壳纲发育研究的代表性有效模式生物。
