Dor Alex, Pokroy Russell, Goldstein Liav, Barenboim Erez, Zilberberg Michal
Israeli Air Force Surgeon General's Office, Tel Hashomer, Israel.
Aviat Space Environ Med. 2005 Apr;76(4):399-402.
Running gasoline engines in a confined space causes heat stress and carbon monoxide (CO) buildup. Loading the C-130 aircraft by driving the vehicles onto the platform may expose the C-130 cabin crew to these environmental hazards. This study was aimed at investigating heat stress and CO exposure in the C-130 cabin during vehicle airlift.
There were four summer flights (two two-vehicle, two three-vehicle; 2 d, 2 nights) studied. The cabin heat stress index (wet bulb globe temperature, WBGT) and CO levels before vehicle loading (control) were compared with those after vehicle loading. Furthermore, two- and three-vehicle transportations, as well as day and night transportations, were compared.
Ground temperature ranged from 18.2 to 33.4 degrees C. Mean heat stress index was higher in vehicle transportation than control flights, the greatest difference being 5.9 degrees C (p < 0.001). The WBGT levels exceeded the recommended exposure limit in 28 of 38 measurements during day flights. The cabin heat stress increased sharply with vehicle loading, and continued to increase for a range of 60-140 min after loading. Elevated cabin CO levels were found in three-vehicle flights as compared with two, and in night flights as compared with day.
In hot climates, C-130 vehicle transportation may exacerbate heat stress. The in-flight heat stress can be predicted by the ambient temperature, duration of the vehicle transportation, and number of transported vehicles. The cabin CO level is related to the number of transported vehicles. We recommend the use of effective environmental control systems during C-130 vehicle transportation in hot climates.
在密闭空间中运行汽油发动机会导致热应激和一氧化碳（CO）积聚。通过将车辆开到平台上对C - 130飞机进行装载，可能会使C - 130机舱工作人员暴露于这些环境危害中。本研究旨在调查车辆空运期间C - 130机舱内的热应激和CO暴露情况。
研究了四个夏季航班（两个两架车辆、两个三架车辆；2天，2晚）。将车辆装载前（对照）的机舱热应激指数（湿球黑球温度，WBGT）和CO水平与车辆装载后的进行比较。此外，还比较了两架和三架车辆运输以及白天和夜间运输的情况。
地面温度范围为18.2至33.4摄氏度。车辆运输中的平均热应激指数高于对照航班，最大差值为5.9摄氏度（p < 0.001）。在白天航班的38次测量中，有28次WBGT水平超过了推荐的暴露限值。机舱热应激随着车辆装载而急剧增加，并在装载后60 - 140分钟内持续上升。与两架车辆的航班相比，三架车辆的航班中机舱CO水平升高，与白天航班相比，夜间航班中机舱CO水平升高。
在炎热气候下，C - 130车辆运输可能会加剧热应激。飞行中的热应激可以通过环境温度、车辆运输持续时间和运输车辆数量来预测。机舱CO水平与运输车辆数量有关。我们建议在炎热气候下进行C - 130车辆运输时使用有效的环境控制系统。
