土壤性质对两种土壤（中性淋溶土和潜育性潮土）中137Cs向小麦和甘蓝转移的影响

On the influence of soil properties on the transfer of 137Cs from two soils (Chromic Luvisol and Eutric Fluvisol) to wheat and cabbage.

作者信息

Djingova R, Kovacheva P, Todorov B, Zlateva B, Kuleff I

机构信息

Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Sofia, 1, J. Bouchier Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria.

出版信息

J Environ Radioact. 2005;82(1):63-79. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2004.12.005.

DOI:10.1016/j.jenvrad.2004.12.005

PMID:15829337

Abstract

Two types of soils (Eutric Fluvisol and Chromic Luvisol) and two crops (wheat and cabbage) were investigated for determination of the transfer of 137Cs from soil to plant. Measurements were performed using gamma-spectrometry. Results for the soil characteristics, transfer factors of the radionuclides (TF), and conversion factors (CF) (cabbage/wheat) were obtained. The transfer of 137Cs was higher for Chromic Luvisol for both the plants. Statistically significant dependence of TF of 137Cs on its concentration in soil was established for cabbage. Dependence between K content in the soil and the transfer factor of 137Cs was not found due to the high concentrations of available K. Use of bioconcentration factor (BCF) (ratio between the activity concentration of a radionuclide in a reference plant to its concentration in another plant) is demonstrated and proposed for risk assessment studies.

摘要

研究了两种土壤（饱和富铁土和潜育淋溶土）和两种作物（小麦和卷心菜），以测定¹³⁷Cs从土壤到植物的转移情况。使用伽马能谱法进行测量。获得了土壤特性、放射性核素转移因子（TF）和转换因子（CF）（卷心菜/小麦）的结果。两种植物中，¹³⁷Cs在潜育淋溶土中的转移率更高。对于卷心菜，已确定¹³⁷Cs的TF与其在土壤中的浓度具有统计学上的显著相关性。由于有效钾浓度较高，未发现土壤中钾含量与¹³⁷Cs转移因子之间的相关性。证明并建议使用生物浓缩因子（BCF）（参考植物中放射性核素的活度浓度与其在另一植物中的浓度之比）进行风险评估研究。