Vardar Saynur, Buduneli Eralp, Baylas Haluk, Berdeli Afig Hüseyinov, Buduneli Nurcan, Atilla Gül
School of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.
J Periodontol. 2005 Jan;76(1):99-106. doi: 10.1902/jop.2005.76.1.99.
The present study was planned to evaluate the individual and combined effects of selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor, celecoxib, and omega-3 fatty acid on the gingival tissue levels of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF2alpha), leukotriene B4 (LTB4), and platelet activating factor (PAF) in endotoxin-induced periodontitis in rats.
Experimental periodontitis was induced by repeated injection of Escherichia coli endotoxin (LPS). Forty-four adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five study groups: saline control, LPS, celecoxib, omega-3 fatty acid, and combination celecoxib and omega-3 fatty acid. Celecoxib and omega-3 fatty acid were given either as a single agent or as a combination therapy during 14 days of the study period. At the end of the 2-week protocol, the rats were sacrificed, the gingival tissues were dissected and extracted, and the extracts were analyzed for PGE2, PGF2alpha, and LTB4 levels by enzyme immunoassay and for PAF levels by radioimmunoassay. The defleshed jaws were analyzed morphometrically for alveolar bone loss. Data were evaluated statistically by using parametric tests.
LPS injection resulted in significantly more bone loss than the saline controls (P<0.05) and significant elevations in the gingival tissue levels of all the analyzed mediators except PGF2alpha. Individual administration of celecoxib revealed significant reductions in PGE2 and PAF levels (P <0.05), while omega-3 fatty acid provided significant reduction in PGE2, PGF2alpha, and LTB4 levels compared to the LPS group (P <0.05). Combined administration of celecoxib and omega-3 fatty acid exhibited significantly lower values than those of the LPS group in all the analyzed membrane phospholipid mediators (P <0.05), which approximated the levels in the saline control group (P>0.05).
The results of the present study indicate that celecoxib and omega-3 fatty acid, when used individually, show a rather partial effect on the control of the analyzed mediators, but when combined they show a synergic effect and provide significant reductions in the gingival tissue levels of PGE2, PGF2alpha, LTB4, and PAF in LPS-induced experimental periodontitis. These findings may pioneer further clinical human studies investigating the possible place of celecoxib and omega-3 fatty acid in periodontal treatment.
本研究旨在评估选择性环氧化酶 -2（COX -2）抑制剂塞来昔布和ω-3脂肪酸对大鼠内毒素诱导的牙周炎中牙龈组织前列腺素E2（PGE2）、前列腺素F2α（PGF2α）、白三烯B4（LTB4）和血小板活化因子（PAF）水平的单独及联合作用。
通过反复注射大肠杆菌内毒素（LPS）诱导实验性牙周炎。44只成年雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠被分为五个研究组：生理盐水对照组、LPS组、塞来昔布组、ω-3脂肪酸组以及塞来昔布与ω-3脂肪酸联合组。在为期14天的研究期间，塞来昔布和ω-3脂肪酸分别作为单一药物或联合疗法给药。在为期2周的实验方案结束时，处死大鼠，解剖并提取牙龈组织，通过酶免疫测定法分析提取物中PGE2、PGF2α和LTB4的水平，通过放射免疫测定法分析PAF的水平。对去除软组织的颌骨进行形态计量分析以评估牙槽骨吸收情况。数据采用参数检验进行统计学评估。
注射LPS导致的骨吸收明显多于生理盐水对照组（P<0.05），并且除PGF2α外，所有分析的介质在牙龈组织中的水平均显著升高。单独给予塞来昔布可使PGE2和PAF水平显著降低（P<0.05），而与LPS组相比，ω-3脂肪酸可使PGE2、PGF2α和LTB4水平显著降低（P<0.05）。塞来昔布与ω-3脂肪酸联合给药后，所有分析的膜磷脂介质水平均显著低于LPS组（P<0.05），接近生理盐水对照组水平（P>0.05）。
本研究结果表明，塞来昔布和ω-3脂肪酸单独使用时，对所分析介质的控制作用较为有限，但联合使用时具有协同作用，可使LPS诱导的实验性牙周炎中牙龈组织的PGE2、PGF2α、LTB4和PAF水平显著降低。这些发现可能为进一步开展临床人体研究以探究塞来昔布和ω-3脂肪酸在牙周治疗中的潜在作用奠定基础。
