Syvitski James P M, Vörösmarty Charles J, Kettner Albert J, Green Pamela
Environmental Computation and Imaging Facility, Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research (INSTAAR), University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0450, USA.
Science. 2005 Apr 15;308(5720):376-80. doi: 10.1126/science.1109454.
Here we provide global estimates of the seasonal flux of sediment, on a river-by-river basis, under modern and prehuman conditions. Humans have simultaneously increased the sediment transport by global rivers through soil erosion (by 2.3 +/- 0.6 billion metric tons per year), yet reduced the flux of sediment reaching the world's coasts (by 1.4 +/- 0.3 billion metric tons per year) because of retention within reservoirs. Over 100 billion metric tons of sediment and 1 to 3 billion metric tons of carbon are now sequestered in reservoirs constructed largely within the past 50 years. African and Asian rivers carry a greatly reduced sediment load; Indonesian rivers deliver much more sediment to coastal areas.
在此，我们基于逐河统计，给出了现代和人类活动之前条件下全球河流季节性输沙量的估算值。人类通过土壤侵蚀使全球河流的输沙量同时增加（每年增加23±6亿吨），但由于水库拦蓄，进入全球海岸的输沙量减少了（每年减少14±3亿吨）。目前，超过1000亿吨的泥沙和10亿至30亿吨的碳被封存在主要建于过去五十年内的水库中。非洲和亚洲河流的输沙量大幅减少；印度尼西亚河流向沿海地区输送的泥沙量则更多。
