Lau Y L, Chow C B, Leung T H
Department of Paediatrics, University of Hong Kong.
J Infect Dis. 1992 Jun;165(6):1111-5. doi: 10.1093/infdis/165.6.1111.
With the use of measles vaccine since 1967, Hong Kong has experienced a low incidence of measles until a major outbreak in 1988. A shift in the distribution of susceptible children to older age groups was suddenly accelerated in the 1988 outbreak. The attack rate increased by 18.9-fold for children greater than 10 years old, while that for those in the best-protected age group of 1-4 years was only 2.2-fold. Of the cases during that outbreak, 56.3% would have been considered preventable with the present vaccination regimen, and vaccine failures accounted for only 20.4% of the cases. Present control strategies aim at increasing the coverage rate rather than introducing a two-dose regimen, which may be necessary when vaccine failures account for a larger proportion of measles cases.
自1967年使用麻疹疫苗以来，香港麻疹发病率一直较低，直到1988年发生了一次大规模疫情。在1988年的疫情中，易感儿童向大龄组的分布转变突然加速。10岁以上儿童的发病率增加了18.9倍，而在保护最好的1至4岁年龄组中，发病率仅增加了2.2倍。在那次疫情期间的病例中，按照目前的疫苗接种方案，56.3%的病例本可预防，疫苗接种失败仅占病例的20.4%。目前的控制策略旨在提高疫苗接种覆盖率，而不是采用两剂接种方案，当疫苗接种失败在麻疹病例中占更大比例时，可能需要采用两剂接种方案。
