Kidd M T, McDaniel C D, Peebles E D, Barber S J, Corzo A, Branton S L, Woodworth J C
Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762-9665, USA.
Br Poult Sci. 2005 Feb;46(1):97-103. doi: 10.1080/00071660400024027.
(1) Ross 308 broiler breeder hens were given diets containing 0 or 25 mg L-carnitine/kg from 21 weeks of age. (2) Hens were inseminated with semen from Ross broiler breeder males and subsequent growth performance and carcase traits, of progeny obtained from hatches at 30, 35 and 37 weeks of age, were evaluated. (3) Progeny were hatched in a common facility and separated by gender. Experimental treatments employed for the 30-, 35- and 37-week hatches, respectively, were: hen diet and progeny gender (16 replications with two subplots); hen diet, progeny diet (0 and 50 mg L-carnitine/kg of diet) and progeny gender (16 replications with 4 subplots); and hen diet and progeny diet (high and low density; 16 replications with two subplots). (4) Females had lower growth rate and less breast meat, but greater proportions of carcase fat and breast meat than males. Growth performance measurements of progeny were not affected by hen L-carnitine, but hen L-carnitine decreased abdominal fat in progeny. Increasing diet density in the chick diets increased growth and carcase weights. Hen and progeny dietary L-carnitine interacted to increase male mortality. However, dietary hen L-carnitine decreased carcase fat and increased breast meat in progeny fed on high nutrient density diets. (5) In conclusion, L-carnitine in the diet of hens affected carcase traits of their progeny.
（1）从21周龄起，给308只罗斯308肉种鸡母鸡饲喂含0或25毫克左旋肉碱/千克的日粮。（2）用罗斯肉种鸡公鸡的精液对母鸡进行人工授精，随后对30、35和37周龄孵化出的后代的生长性能和胴体性状进行评估。（3）后代在一个共同的设施中孵化，并按性别分开。30周、35周和37周龄孵化所采用的实验处理分别为：母鸡日粮和后代性别（16次重复，有两个子区）；母鸡日粮、后代日粮（0和50毫克左旋肉碱/千克日粮）和后代性别（16次重复，有4个子区）；以及母鸡日粮和后代日粮（高密度和低密度；16次重复，有两个子区）。（4）雌性的生长速度较低，胸肉较少，但胴体脂肪和胸肉的比例高于雄性。后代的生长性能测量不受母鸡左旋肉碱的影响，但母鸡左旋肉碱可降低后代的腹部脂肪。雏鸡日粮中增加日粮密度可提高生长和胴体重量。母鸡和后代日粮中的左旋肉碱相互作用会增加雄性死亡率。然而，日粮中母鸡左旋肉碱可降低以高营养密度日粮喂养的后代的胴体脂肪并增加胸肉。（5）总之，母鸡日粮中的左旋肉碱会影响其后代的胴体性状。
