Kang Gagandeep, Samuel Reuben, Vijayakumar T S, Selvi S, Sridharan G, Brown David, Wanke Christine
Department of Gastrointestinal Sciences, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632004, India.
Natl Med J India. 2005 Jan-Feb;18(1):15-7.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) are becoming increasingly common in India. Currently, antenatal prevalence is a surrogate marker for HIV prevalence in the community. The association between antenatal and community prevalence of HIV needs to be validated so that estimates can be verified or adjusted appropriately.
A probability proportional to size cluster survey was conducted in the Kaniyambadi block of Vellore district and in the urban wards of Vellore town to estimate the prevalence of antibodies to rubella from August 1999 to February 2000. All personal identifier data from the serum samples were removed to yield a collection for which only the age and sex were known. Estimation of antibodies to HIV in sera from individuals between 15 and 40 years of age, was carried out by one screening ELISA and the reactive sera were further subjected to a supplementary test.
We tested 1512 serum samples from subjects residing in rural areas and 1358 samples from those residing in urban areas. The seropositivity among rural samples was 0.66% and among urban samples 1.4%. The prevalence was almost equal among men and women and the youngest infected individual was 15 years old.
The prevalence of HIV during the period of study was similar to the national surveillance data for Tamil Nadu based on antenatal women. HIV prevalence differs in urban and rural Tamil Nadu, with urban areas having a higher burden of the disease.
人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染和获得性免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS）在印度正变得越来越普遍。目前，产前患病率是社区中HIV患病率的一个替代指标。HIV产前患病率与社区患病率之间的关联需要得到验证，以便对估计值进行核实或适当调整。
1999年8月至2000年2月期间，在韦洛尔区的卡尼亚姆巴迪街区和韦洛尔镇的城市病房进行了一项规模比例概率整群调查，以估计风疹抗体的患病率。血清样本中的所有个人识别数据都被去除，得到一个仅知道年龄和性别的样本集合。对15至40岁个体血清中的HIV抗体进行检测，先用一种筛查酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA）进行检测，反应性血清再进行补充检测。
我们检测了1512份来自农村地区受试者的血清样本和1358份来自城市地区受试者的血清样本。农村样本中的血清阳性率为0.66%，城市样本中的血清阳性率为1.4%。男性和女性中的患病率几乎相等，最年轻的感染者为15岁。
研究期间的HIV患病率与基于泰米尔纳德邦产前妇女的国家监测数据相似。泰米尔纳德邦城乡的HIV患病率有所不同，城市地区的疾病负担更高。
