Achidi Eric A, Anchang J Kuoh, Minang Jacob T, Ahmadou Mokube J, Troye-Blomberg Marita
Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon.
Int J Infect Dis. 2005 May;9(3):159-69. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2004.06.012.
In this study, the effect of maternal peripheral and placental Plasmodium falciparum parasitaemia on the level of antibody and cytokine immune responses in the neonate was investigated.
Malaria parasites were detected by light microscopy. Levels of malaria-specific isotypic antibodies were measured in maternal and cord blood by indirect ELISA. The numbers of IFN-gamma and IL-4 cells produced by maternal/cord blood after in vitro stimulation were enumerated using the ELISPOT assay.
Malaria parasite rate of maternal, placental biopsy and cord blood was 32.8%, 33.7% and 7.8% respectively. Overall, ELISA seropositivity rates for P. falciparum-specific IgG, IgM, IgE and IgA in the maternal plasma samples were 71%, 85%, 29.3%, and 0% respectively, while those for the cord samples were 69%, 6.0%, 4.4% and 0% respectively. Mean IgM ELISA OD(405) values of neonates born from positive placentas, or whose mothers had peripheral malaria parasitaemia were higher than those who were parasite negative. The mean number of maternal cells producing IFN-gamma was higher (P=0.0001) than that of the paired cord samples. The mean number of IL-4 producing cells of neonates born of mothers who were positive (P<0.05) or from malaria-positive placentas (P<0.025) was higher than from those who were malaria negative. Neonates born of malaria-positive mothers or from parasitized placentas mounted predominantly Th2 type immune responses.
It appears from this study that neonates born from malaria-infected mothers or placentas may relatively be more susceptible to malaria attack during the first years of life.
本研究调查了母亲外周血及胎盘的恶性疟原虫血症对新生儿抗体及细胞因子免疫反应水平的影响。
通过光学显微镜检测疟原虫。采用间接ELISA法检测母亲和脐带血中疟疾特异性同型抗体水平。使用ELISPOT检测法计数体外刺激后母亲/脐带血产生的γ干扰素和白细胞介素-4细胞数量。
母亲、胎盘活检组织及脐带血的疟原虫感染率分别为32.8%、33.7%和7.8%。总体而言，母亲血浆样本中恶性疟原虫特异性IgG、IgM、IgE和IgA的ELISA血清阳性率分别为71%、85%、29.3%和0%，而脐带血样本中的相应阳性率分别为69%、6.0%、4.4%和0%。胎盘阳性或母亲外周血有疟原虫血症的新生儿的平均IgM ELISA OD(405)值高于疟原虫阴性的新生儿。母亲产生γ干扰素的细胞平均数量高于配对的脐带血样本（P = 0.0001）。母亲为阳性（P < 0.05）或胎盘为疟疾阳性（P < 0.025）的新生儿产生白细胞介素-4的细胞平均数量高于疟疾阴性的新生儿。母亲为疟疾阳性或胎盘受感染的新生儿主要呈现Th2型免疫反应。
从本研究看来，感染疟疾的母亲或胎盘所生的新生儿在生命的最初几年可能相对更容易受到疟疾侵袭。
