Klein B E, Klein R, Linton K L
Department of Ophthalmology, University of Wisconsin, Madison.
Ophthalmology. 1992 Apr;99(4):546-52. doi: 10.1016/s0161-6420(92)31934-7.
Age-related lens opacities are common and are a frequent cause of loss of vision. The Beaver Dam Eye Study was designed to estimate the prevalence and severity of lens opacities in a rural community in the United States. Adults between the ages of 43 and 84 years, identified by private census, were examined and participated in the study (n = 4926). Photographs were taken of the lenses and were graded in masked fashion according to a standardized protocol. For nuclear sclerosis, more severe levels occurred more commonly in older age groups and in women. Overall, 17.3% had nuclear sclerosis more severe than level 3 in a 5-step scale of severity. Cortical opacities increased with increasing age and were more common in women. They were found in 16.3% of the population. Posterior subcapsular opacities occur in 6.0% of the population. There was a significant trend of greater prevalence at older ages, but no sex effect. The frequency of early cataract increased in both sexes through the age group 65 to 74 years, but declined in those 75 years of age and older. The frequency of late cataract increased consistently with age. Women were more severely affected than men. This study confirms that lens opacities are common in adults in the United States. These data are important for providing for social and health care needs. It is important to determine causes of cataracts in order to develop preventive programs.
年龄相关性晶状体混浊很常见，是视力丧失的常见原因。比弗迪姆眼研究旨在评估美国一个农村社区晶状体混浊的患病率和严重程度。通过私人普查确定的43至84岁成年人接受了检查并参与了该研究（n = 4926）。拍摄了晶状体的照片，并按照标准化方案以盲法进行分级。对于核硬化，更严重的程度在老年组和女性中更为常见。总体而言，在5级严重程度量表中，17.3%的人核硬化程度超过3级。皮质混浊随年龄增长而增加，在女性中更常见。在16.3%的人群中发现了皮质混浊。后囊下混浊出现在6.0%的人群中。在老年人中患病率有显著增加的趋势，但没有性别差异。在65至74岁年龄组中，两性早期白内障的发生率均增加，但在75岁及以上人群中有所下降。晚期白内障的发生率随年龄持续增加。女性比男性受影响更严重。这项研究证实，晶状体混浊在美国成年人中很常见。这些数据对于满足社会和医疗保健需求很重要。确定白内障的病因对于制定预防计划很重要。
