Tran M Q, Gohh R Y, Morrissey P E, Dworkin L D, Gautam A, Monaco A P, Yango A F
Division of Hypertension and Renal Diseases, Rhode Island Hospital, Brown University School of Medicine, Rhode Island, Providence, RI 02903, USA.
Clin Nephrol. 2005 Apr;63(4):305-9. doi: 10.5414/cnp63305.
Cryptosporidium parvum, an intracellular protozoan parasite, is a significant cause of gastrointestinal disease worldwide. Transmission can occur from an infected person, animal or fecally contaminated environment. The clinical manifestations of cryptosporidiosis are dependent on the immunologic state of the host. Infection among immunocompetent hosts results in diarrhea that is typically self-limited. In immunocompromised hosts, however, the infection may be protracted and life-threatening with no reliable antimicrobial therapy. In transplant patients, a course of antimicrobial therapy along with concurrent reduction in immunosuppression optimize immunologic status and may potentially lead to resolution of the infection.
微小隐孢子虫是一种细胞内原生动物寄生虫，是全球范围内胃肠道疾病的重要病因。传播可发生于感染者、感染动物或受粪便污染的环境。隐孢子虫病的临床表现取决于宿主的免疫状态。免疫功能正常的宿主感染后会出现通常为自限性的腹泻。然而，在免疫功能低下的宿主中，感染可能会迁延不愈且危及生命，目前尚无可靠的抗菌治疗方法。对于移植患者，一个疗程的抗菌治疗以及同时降低免疫抑制程度可优化免疫状态，并可能使感染得到缓解。
