Proto A V
Department of Radiology, Medical College of Virginia, Richmond 23298-0470.
Radiology. 1992 Jun;183(3):593-603. doi: 10.1148/radiology.183.3.1584903.
Despite the advances in medical imaging modalities over the past several years, conventional chest radiography still remains the most commonly performed imaging examination. In this report, the author discusses four radiographic observations, all visible on the conventional chest radiograph, and the anatomic basis for each: (a) the normal apical opacity, produced by the subclavian artery and easily confused with parenchymal abnormality; (b) vascular reorientation with upper lobe volume loss, a characteristic divergent or parallel pattern helpful in recognizing upper lobe volume loss; (c) extrapleural fat, which simulates pleural plaques along the lateral chest walls and pleural thickening at the chest apices; and (d) mobility of the mediastinum, which contributes to incorrect mediastinal mass localization and creates soft-tissue bands in the retrosternal area.
尽管在过去几年中医学成像技术取得了进展，但传统的胸部X线摄影仍然是最常进行的成像检查。在本报告中，作者讨论了四种在传统胸部X线片上都可见的X线表现及其各自的解剖学基础：（a）由锁骨下动脉产生的正常肺尖模糊影，易与实质病变混淆；（b）上叶体积缩小导致的血管重新定向，一种有助于识别上叶体积缩小的特征性发散或平行模式；（c）胸膜外脂肪，其沿侧胸壁模拟胸膜斑，在肺尖处模拟胸膜增厚；（d）纵隔的可动性，这会导致纵隔肿块定位错误，并在胸骨后区域形成软组织带。
