Reeves Amy
East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA.
AAOHN J. 2005 Apr;53(4):172-6.
Occupational health nurses are in the unique position to influence health in the work force. To maximize this positive health influence, occupational health nurses should develop the skills of emotional intelligence. Emotional intelligence includes awareness of self and others and empathy. These behaviors are congruent with the mission of nursing because they improve health outcomes. Occupational health nurses who are emotionally intelligent have improved relationships with others, an important aspect of the nursing role. Emotional intelligence can be developed. The process begins with self-awareness, enhanced through self-care behaviors, such as exercise and journaling. Reading popular self-help literature also can improve self-awareness. After a nurse becomes self-aware, the next phase is to develop an awareness of others. This can be learned using the same type of techniques in the self-awareness stage. The final step is the development of empathy. This is the active step using the knowledge developed in the prior two stages. Through discipline and effort, an individual can learn to actively listen to others. This type of listening fosters empathy. By working in a positive, caring environment, personal growth in emotional intelligence can be enhanced (McMullen, 2003). Through the development of emotional intelligence, the nurse can improve personally and professionally, a win-win situation for all involved.
职业健康护士处于影响劳动力健康的独特地位。为了最大限度地发挥这种对健康的积极影响，职业健康护士应培养情商技能。情商包括自我意识、对他人的意识和同理心。这些行为与护理使命相一致，因为它们能改善健康结果。具备情商的职业健康护士与他人的关系会得到改善，这是护理角色的一个重要方面。情商是可以培养的。这个过程始于自我意识，通过自我护理行为（如锻炼和写日记）得到增强。阅读通俗的自助文献也可以提高自我意识。护士具备自我意识后，下一阶段是培养对他人的意识。这可以使用与自我意识阶段相同类型的技巧来学习。最后一步是培养同理心。这是运用在前两个阶段所获得知识的积极步骤。通过自律和努力，一个人可以学会积极倾听他人。这种倾听方式能培养同理心。通过在积极、关爱的环境中工作，可以增强情商方面的个人成长（麦克马伦，2003年）。通过情商的培养，护士可以在个人和职业方面都得到提升，这对所有相关人员来说都是双赢的局面。
