约翰怎么了？一项针对护理专业学生的心理健康急救（MHFA）培训随机对照试验。
What's wrong with John? a randomised controlled trial of Mental Health First Aid (MHFA) training with nursing students.
作者信息
Burns Sharyn, Crawford Gemma, Hallett Jonathan, Hunt Kristen, Chih Hui Jun, Tilley P J Matt
机构信息
Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA, 6845, Australia.
School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.
出版信息
BMC Psychiatry. 2017 Mar 23;17(1):111. doi: 10.1186/s12888-017-1278-2.
BACKGROUND
The prevalence of mental health problems have been found to be higher among university students compared to their non-student peers. Nursing students in particular face a range of additional stressors which may impact their undergraduate performance and their careers. Mental Health First Aid (MHFA) aims to increase mental health literacy and to reduce stigma and may positively impact on the student population. This paper describes a MHFA randomised controlled trial targeting nursing students at a large Australian university. This study aimed to measure the impact of the MHFA course on mental health literacy, mental health first aid intentions, confidence in helping someone with a mental health problem and stigmatising attitudes including social distance.
METHODS
Participants were first year nursing students (n = 181) randomly allocated to the intervention (n = 92) or control (n = 89) group. Intervention group participants received the standardised MHFA course for nursing students. Online self-report questionnaires were completed at three time intervals: baseline (one week prior to the intervention: T) (n = 140), post intervention (T) (n = 120), and two months post intervention (T) (n = 109). Measures included demographics, mental health knowledge, recognition of depression, confidence in helping, mental health first aid intentions and stigmatising attitudes including social distance. Repeated measures ANOVA was computed to measure if the impact of time (T, T, T) and group (intervention and control) on the outcome variables.
RESULTS
There was a significant improvement among intervention compared to control group participants across the three time periods for knowledge scores (p < 0.001), confidence in helping (p < 0.001), mental health first aid intentions (p < 0.001), total personal stigma (p < 0.05), personal dangerous/unpredictable stigma (p < 0.05) and social distance (p < 0.05) scores.
CONCLUSION
MHFA is useful training to embed in university courses and has the potential to enhance mental health literacy and reduce stigmatising attitudes and social distance. While this course has particular salience for nursing and other health science students, there are broader benefits to the general university population that should be considered and opportunities accordingly explored for all students to complete the course.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12614000861651 . Retrospectively registered 11 August 2014.
背景
研究发现，与非大学生同龄人相比，大学生心理健康问题的患病率更高。尤其是护理专业学生面临一系列额外的压力源，这可能会影响他们的本科学习成绩和职业发展。心理健康急救（MHFA）旨在提高心理健康素养，减少污名化，可能会对学生群体产生积极影响。本文描述了一项针对澳大利亚一所大型大学护理专业学生的心理健康急救随机对照试验。本研究旨在衡量心理健康急救课程对心理健康素养、心理健康急救意愿、帮助有心理健康问题者的信心以及包括社会距离在内的污名化态度的影响。
方法
参与者为一年级护理专业学生（n = 181），随机分为干预组（n = 92）或对照组（n = 89）。干预组参与者接受了针对护理专业学生的标准化心理健康急救课程。在三个时间点完成在线自我报告问卷：基线（干预前一周：T1）（n = 140）、干预后（T2）（n = 120）和干预后两个月（T3）（n = 109）。测量指标包括人口统计学特征、心理健康知识、对抑郁症的认知、帮助他人的信心、心理健康急救意愿以及包括社会距离在内的污名化态度。计算重复测量方差分析，以衡量时间（T1、T2、T3）和组（干预组和对照组）对结果变量的影响。
结果
在知识得分（p < 0.001）、帮助他人的信心（p < 0.001）、心理健康急救意愿（p < 0.001）、总体个人污名（p < 0.05）、个人危险/不可预测污名（p < 0.05）和社会距离（p < 0.05）得分方面，干预组参与者在三个时间段内与对照组相比均有显著改善。
结论
心理健康急救是大学课程中值得纳入的有用培训，有可能提高心理健康素养，减少污名化态度和社会距离。虽然该课程对护理专业和其他健康科学专业的学生尤为重要，但对普通大学生群体也有更广泛的益处，应予以考虑，并相应探索让所有学生完成该课程的机会。
试验注册
澳大利亚新西兰临床试验注册中心ACTRN12614000861651。2014年8月11日追溯注册。
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