Benjamin Lily, Wulfert Edelgard
Department of Psychology, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY 12222, United States.
Eat Behav. 2005 Jun;6(3):197-209. doi: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2003.08.001. Epub 2004 Dec 14.
Binge eating and alcohol abuse are often conceptualized as addictive behaviors. As these behaviors are relatively common among undergraduate college women, we examined whether common dispositional variables underlie their occurrence. Three hundred and thirty-five undergraduate women completed self-report questionnaires about their eating and alcohol use habits as well as dispositional measures of impulsivity, tolerance of deviance, self-esteem, rejection sensitivity, extraversion-introversion, conscientiousness, and emotional stability. Multiple regression analyses showed that women who either binge eat or abuse alcohol, but not both, have similar dispositional characteristics. Both groups exhibited a high degree of impulsivity and endorsed socially deviant attitudes; thus, both groups could be viewed as "externalizers." In contrast, women who admitted to both addictive behaviors, i.e., binge eating as well as alcohol abuse, were not particularly impulsive or socially deviant, but manifested a high degree of emotional instability ("neuroticism"); thus, these women might be considered "internalizers." The theoretical and clinical implications of these findings are discussed.
暴饮暴食和酗酒常常被视为成瘾行为。由于这些行为在本科院校女生中相对普遍,我们研究了是否存在共同的性格变量导致这些行为的发生。335名本科女生完成了关于她们饮食和饮酒习惯的自我报告问卷,以及冲动性、对越轨行为的容忍度、自尊、拒绝敏感性、外向性-内向性、尽责性和情绪稳定性的性格测量。多元回归分析表明,那些要么暴饮暴食要么酗酒,但不是两者都有的女性,具有相似的性格特征。两组都表现出高度的冲动性,并认可社会越轨态度;因此,两组都可被视为“外化者”。相比之下,那些承认有两种成瘾行为,即暴饮暴食和酗酒的女性,并非特别冲动或有社会越轨行为,而是表现出高度的情绪不稳定(“神经质”);因此,这些女性可能被视为“内化者”。本文讨论了这些发现的理论和临床意义。