Wilson Margaret, Knoblich Günther
Department of Psychology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA.
Psychol Bull. 2005 May;131(3):460-73. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.131.3.460.
Perceiving other people's behaviors activates imitative motor plans in the perceiver, but there is disagreement as to the function of this activation. In contrast to other recent proposals (e.g., that it subserves overt imitation, identification and understanding of actions, or working memory), here it is argued that imitative motor activation feeds back into the perceptual processing of conspecifics' behaviors, generating top-down expectations and predictions of the unfolding action. Furthermore, this account incorporates recent ideas about emulators in the brain-mental simulations that run in parallel to the external events they simulate-to provide a mechanism by which motoric involvement could contribute to perception. Evidence from a variety of literatures is brought to bear to support this account of perceiving human body movement.
感知他人的行为会激活感知者的模仿性运动计划，但对于这种激活的功能存在分歧。与最近的其他观点（例如，它有助于公开模仿、对动作的识别和理解或工作记忆）不同，本文认为模仿性运动激活会反馈到对同种个体行为的感知处理中，产生自上而下的预期和对正在展开的动作的预测。此外，这一观点纳入了近期关于大脑中模拟器的观点——与它们所模拟的外部事件并行运行的心理模拟——以提供一种机制，通过该机制运动参与可以促进感知。来自各种文献的证据被用来支持这种对人体运动感知的观点。
