Emans Pieter J, Surtel Don A M, Frings Eric J J, Bulstra Sjoerd K, Kuijer Roel
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University Hospital Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Tissue Eng. 2005 Mar-Apr;11(3-4):369-77. doi: 10.1089/ten.2005.11.369.
Periosteum has chondrogenic and osteogenic potential and plays an important role in fracture healing. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reactive tissue formed after damaging the periosteum. Damaging the periosteum may be a way to generate ectopic cartilage or bone, which may be useful for the repair of articular cartilage and bone defects. Periosteum was bilaterally dissected from the proximal medial tibia of New Zealand White rabbits. Reactive periosteal tissue was harvested 10, 20, and 40 days postsurgery and analyzed for expression of collagen types I, II, and X, aggrecan, osteopontin, and osteonectin (by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction) and collagen types I and II (by immunohistochemistry). Reactive tissue was present in 93% of cases. Histologically, this tissue consisted of hyaline cartilage at follow-up days 10 and 20. Expression of collagen type II and aggrecan was present at 10 and 20 days postsurgery. Highest expression was at 10 days. Expression of collagen type X increased up to 20 days. No significant changes in the mRNA expression of osteopontin or osteonectin were observed. Immunohistochemistry confirmed the presence of cartilage, which was positive for collagen types I and II at 10 days and only for collagen type II at 20 days. At 20 days postsurgery the onset of bone formation was also observed. At 40 days postsurgery, the reactive tissue had almost completely turned into bone. The quality and amount of cartilage formed 10 days postsurgery make this technique potentially useful to fill large cartilage and bone defects. Also, periosteal callus formation, providing possible useful information for tissue engineering techniques, can be studied with this model.
骨膜具有软骨生成和成骨潜力，在骨折愈合中起重要作用。本研究的目的是评估损伤骨膜后形成的反应性组织。损伤骨膜可能是生成异位软骨或骨的一种方法，这可能对关节软骨和骨缺损的修复有用。从新西兰白兔胫骨近端内侧双侧剥离骨膜。在术后10天、20天和40天收集反应性骨膜组织，并分析其I型、II型和X型胶原蛋白、聚集蛋白聚糖、骨桥蛋白和骨连接蛋白的表达（通过逆转录-聚合酶链反应）以及I型和II型胶原蛋白的表达（通过免疫组织化学）。93%的病例中存在反应性组织。组织学上，在随访第10天和20天时，该组织由透明软骨组成。术后10天和20天时存在II型胶原蛋白和聚集蛋白聚糖的表达。最高表达在10天时。X型胶原蛋白的表达在20天时增加。未观察到骨桥蛋白或骨连接蛋白的mRNA表达有显著变化。免疫组织化学证实存在软骨，其在10天时I型和II型胶原蛋白呈阳性，在20天时仅II型胶原蛋白呈阳性。术后20天时也观察到骨形成的开始。术后40天时，反应性组织几乎完全变成了骨。术后10天形成的软骨的质量和数量使该技术有可能用于填充大的软骨和骨缺损。此外，利用该模型可以研究骨膜骨痂形成，为组织工程技术提供可能有用的信息。
