Agadjanian Victor
Department of Sociology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-4802, USA.
Soc Sci Med. 2005 Oct;61(7):1529-39. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2005.03.012.
Using survey and semi-structured interview data collected in various religious congregations in urban and rural areas of Mozambique, this study analyzes how gender differences in perceptions of HIV/AIDS and preventive behavior are mediated by religious involvement. Logistic regression is employed to examine the effects of gender and of the interactions between gender and type of denomination--"mainline" (Catholic and Presbyterian) or "healing" (Assembly of God, Zionist, and Apostolic)--on female and male members' exposure to HIV/AIDS-related prevention messages, knowledge and perception of risks, and practice of prevention. The analysis detects women's disadvantage on several measures of knowledge and prevention but also suggests that gender differences are less pronounced among members of "mainline" churches. The semi-structured interview data further highlight how gender differences are shaped in different religious environments. Although the potential of faith-based institutions in combating the HIV/AIDS pandemic is undeniable, policy-makers need to heed important differences among these institutions when devising ways to harness this potential.
本研究利用在莫桑比克城乡不同宗教团体收集的调查和半结构化访谈数据，分析宗教参与如何调节对艾滋病毒/艾滋病的认知及预防行为中的性别差异。采用逻辑回归来检验性别以及性别与教派类型（“主流”教派，即天主教和长老会；或“灵恩派”教派，即神召会、锡安主义教会和使徒教会）之间的相互作用对男女教友接触艾滋病毒/艾滋病相关预防信息、风险知识与认知以及预防措施实施情况的影响。分析发现，女性在知识和预防的多项指标上处于劣势，但也表明“主流”教会成员中的性别差异不太明显。半结构化访谈数据进一步凸显了不同宗教环境中性别差异是如何形成的。尽管基于信仰的机构在抗击艾滋病毒/艾滋病疫情方面的潜力不可否认，但政策制定者在设计发挥这一潜力的方法时，需要留意这些机构之间的重要差异。
