Van Loo Jan, Clune Yvonne, Bennett Mary, Collins John Kevin
Orafti, Tienen, Belgium.
Br J Nutr. 2005 Apr;93 Suppl 1:S91-8. doi: 10.1079/bjn20041353.
Experimental evidence on the anticancer properties of dietary prebiotics such as chicory inulin and oligofructose and dietary probiotics has accumulated in recent years. Various experimental models ranging from chemoprevention studies, tumour implantation models to genetically modified mice models, etc. have systematically shown the protective effects of these food ingredients. In some studies it appeared that synbiotics (combination of pre- and probiotics) exerted synergistic activity against processes of carcinogenesis. The logical next step in research was to find out if these observations also would be valid for human volunteers. This was the principal goal of the EU-sponsored SYNCAN project (QLK1-1999-346) which involved the integration of an in vitro study to select the most suitable synbiotic preparation, the application of this synbiotic in an in vivo rat model of chemically induced colon cancer, and, as the heart of the project, the investigation of the synbiotic effects in a human intervention study. The in vitro tests consisted of fermentation studies where the interaction of pre- and probiotics was studied. Cell-free supernatants were generated from various synbiotic combinations fermented by faecal slurry, which were then used to optimise a series of bioassays. In the rat study the anticarcinogenic effect of prebiotics and synbiotics but not of probiotics was demonstrated. Using tissue samples generated in this model, attempts were made to gain a better insight into the mechanisms underlying cancer development. The human intervention study consisted of two groups of volunteers. One group was composed of people at high risk (polypectomised subjects) for colon cancer and the other of volunteers (colon cancer subjects) who had previously undergone 'curative resection' for colon cancer but were not currently receiving treatment. The present paper describes the experimental design of the SYNCAN study, and demonstrates a functional effect of the synbiotic preparation (probiotic survival during gastrointestinal transit and modification of the intestinal flora). Detailed experimental outcome of the human intervention study will be reported elsewhere.
近年来，关于菊苣菊粉和低聚果糖等膳食益生元以及膳食益生菌抗癌特性的实验证据不断积累。从化学预防研究、肿瘤植入模型到基因改造小鼠模型等各种实验模型，都系统地显示了这些食品成分的保护作用。在一些研究中，似乎合生元（益生元和益生菌的组合）对致癌过程具有协同活性。研究的合理下一步是确定这些观察结果对人类志愿者是否也有效。这是欧盟资助的SYNCAN项目（QLK1 - 1999 - 346）的主要目标，该项目包括一项体外研究以选择最合适的合生元制剂，将这种合生元应用于化学诱导的结肠癌体内大鼠模型，并且作为该项目的核心，在一项人体干预研究中调查合生元的效果。体外试验包括发酵研究，研究益生元和益生菌的相互作用。通过粪便浆液发酵的各种合生元组合产生无细胞上清液，然后用于优化一系列生物测定。在大鼠研究中，证明了益生元和合生元而非益生菌的抗癌作用。利用该模型产生的组织样本，试图更好地了解癌症发展的潜在机制。人体干预研究由两组志愿者组成。一组由结肠癌高危人群（息肉切除受试者）组成，另一组由曾接受结肠癌“根治性切除”但目前未接受治疗的志愿者（结肠癌受试者）组成。本文描述了SYNCAN研究的实验设计，并证明了合生元制剂的功能效果（益生菌在胃肠道转运过程中的存活以及肠道菌群的改变）。人体干预研究的详细实验结果将在其他地方报道。
