De Angelis G, Clowdsley M S, Singleterry R C, Wilson J W
Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23508, USA.
Adv Space Res. 2004;34(6):1328-32. doi: 10.1016/j.asr.2003.09.059.
A new model for the radiation environment to be found on the planet Mars due to Galactic Cosmic Rays (OCR) has been developed at the NASA Langley Research Center. Solar modulated primary particles rescaled for Mars conditions are transported through the Martian atmosphere, with temporal properties modeled with variable timescales, down to the surface, with altitude and backscattering patterns taken into account. The Martian atmosphere has been modeled by using the Mars Global Reference Atmospheric Model--version 2001 (Mars-GRAM 2001). The altitude to compute the atmospheric thickness profile has been determined by using a model for the topography based on the data provided by the Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter (MOLA) instrument on board the Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) spacecraft. The Mars surface composition has been modeled based on averages over the measurements obtained from orbiting spacecraft and at various landing sites, taking into account the possible volatile inventory (e.g., CO2 ice, H2O ice) along with its time variation throughout the Martian year. Particle transport has been performed with the HZETRN heavy ion code. The Mars Radiation Environment Model has been made available worldwide through the Space Ionizing Radiation Effects and Shielding Tools (SIREST) website, a project of NASA Langley Research Center.
美国国家航空航天局兰利研究中心开发了一种新模型，用于计算火星上因银河宇宙射线（GCR）而产生的辐射环境。针对火星条件重新缩放后的太阳调制初级粒子在火星大气中传输，其时间特性采用可变时间尺度进行建模，一直到火星表面，并考虑了高度和反向散射模式。火星大气采用火星全球参考大气模型——2001版（Mars-GRAM 2001）进行建模。计算大气厚度剖面的高度是通过基于火星全球勘测者（MGS）航天器上的火星轨道激光高度计（MOLA）仪器提供的数据的地形模型来确定的。火星表面成分是根据从轨道航天器和各个着陆点获得的测量平均值进行建模的，同时考虑了可能的挥发性物质存量（如二氧化碳冰、水冰）及其在整个火星年中的时间变化。粒子传输使用HZETRN重离子代码进行。火星辐射环境模型已通过美国国家航空航天局兰利研究中心的一个项目——空间电离辐射效应与屏蔽工具（SIREST）网站在全球范围内提供。
