Santin Matteo, Motta Antonella, Borzachiello Assunta, Nicolais Luigi, Ambrosio Luigi
School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Lewes Road, Brighton BN2 4GJ, UK.
J Mater Sci Mater Med. 2004 Nov;15(11):1175-80. doi: 10.1007/s10856-004-5668-x.
The effect of the radical polymerisation taking place during the hardening of the polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) bone cements is known to cause bone necrosis through the relatively high exothermic reaction and the leaching of toxic non reacted monomers. The inflammatory response towards this class of cements has also been shown and ascribed mainly to the phagocytosis of the material particles. However, the effect of the radical polymerisation on the adsorption of plasma proteins and on the activation of monocytes/macrophages when the material is in a non-phagocytosable dimension has not been elucidated. In the present work, the polymerisation of three bone cements, CMW-1, Palavit and Simplex-P in a clinically reflective environment and its effect on the formation of a surface conditioning film as well as on the inflammatory cell activation were investigated. The data showed that on CMW and Simplex-P the polymerisation was not fully accomplished. CMW released high levels of non-reacted monomers, no significant macrophage adhesion and high oxidative burst and cytokine production. The relatively lower levels of released monomers in Simplex and Palavit seemed to promote a lower inflammatory response while cell adhesion was favoured by patches of plasma components entrapped in the hardening dough during the polymerisation.
众所周知，聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（PMMA）骨水泥硬化过程中发生的自由基聚合反应，会通过相对较高的放热反应和有毒未反应单体的浸出导致骨坏死。对这类骨水泥的炎症反应也已得到证实，主要归因于材料颗粒的吞噬作用。然而，当材料处于不可吞噬尺寸时，自由基聚合对血浆蛋白吸附和单核细胞/巨噬细胞激活的影响尚未阐明。在本研究中，研究了三种骨水泥CMW - 1、Palavit和Simplex - P在临床模拟环境中的聚合反应及其对表面调节膜形成和炎症细胞激活的影响。数据显示，在CMW和Simplex - P上，聚合反应未完全完成。CMW释放出高水平的未反应单体，无明显巨噬细胞黏附，但有高氧化爆发和细胞因子产生。Simplex和Palavit中释放的单体水平相对较低，似乎促进了较低的炎症反应，而聚合过程中被困在硬化面团中的血浆成分斑块有利于细胞黏附。
