应对游轮上的胃肠道疾病——第1部分：卫生措施描述。第2部分：一项隔离研究。

Dealing with gastrointestinal illness on a cruise ship--Part 1: Description of sanitation measures. Part 2: An isolation study.

作者信息

Dahl Eilif

机构信息

Professor Dahls Gate 50A, 0260 Oslo, Norway.

出版信息

Int Marit Health. 2004;55(1-4):19-29.

PMID:15881540

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Recent outbreaks of gastrointestinal illness (GI) on passenger ships have caused cruise companies to expand their sanitation programs.

OBJECTIVES

To describe sanitation procedures and measures involving the medical staff of one cruise ship (Part 1), and to show how one of the new measures, isolation, influenced medical practice (Part 2).

METHODS

Consecutive GI logs were reviewed from 17 cruises of a ship with an average of 590 passengers and 611 crew per day.

RESULTS

During a 250-day period 207 persons were isolated for a total of 419 days: 113 passengers (75 with GI, 38 asymptomatic contacts) and 94 crew (57 with GI, 37 contacts). The percentage of GI cases per 7 days varied between 0.10% and 0.43% among passengers and between 0 and 0.39% among crew, except for one cruise when the percentage per 7 days reached 2.16% among passengers and 0.61% among crew.

CONCLUSIONS

A detailed operational directive for all aspects of sanitation is helpful for prevention and control of GI outbreaks on ships. A strict isolation policy is an expensive, but critical measure, which in particular challenges the medical staff.

摘要

背景

近期客船上爆发的胃肠道疾病（GI）促使邮轮公司扩大其卫生计划。

目的

描述一艘邮轮上涉及医务人员的卫生程序和措施（第1部分），并展示新措施之一——隔离，如何影响医疗实践（第2部分）。

方法

回顾了一艘邮轮17次航行的连续胃肠道疾病记录，该邮轮平均每天有590名乘客和611名船员。

结果

在250天的时间里，207人被隔离，总计419天：113名乘客（75例胃肠道疾病患者，38名无症状接触者）和94名船员（57例胃肠道疾病患者，37名接触者）。除了一次航行中，乘客每7天的胃肠道疾病病例百分比在0.10%至0.43%之间，船员在0至0.39%之间，那次航行中乘客每7天的百分比达到2.16%，船员达到0.61%。