Boonkaew T, Camper N D
College of Agriculture, Forestry, Life Sciences, Department of Entomology, Soils and Plant Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634-0315, USA.
Phytomedicine. 2005 Apr;12(4):318-23. doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2003.06.008.
The biological activity of methanolic the extracts of leaves, roots, leaf-derived callus, root-derived callus, ginkolide A, ginkgolide B, bilobalide and a commercial Ginkgo product (Tanakan) was assessed. Bioassays consisted of the Agrobacterium tumefaciens-induced potato tumor assay and a Kirby-Bauer microbial sensitivity assay with pure strains of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Streptococcus pyogenes. Methanolic extracts of leaves, leaf-derived callus, root-derived callus, bilobalide and Tanakan inhibited tumor formation significantly, but more weakly than the positive control, camptothecin. No activity against E. coli was detected, but extracts from both callus types inhibited the growth of K. pneumonia, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, S. epidermidis and S. pyogenes. All extracts and reference compounds inhibited the growth of S. pyogenes. Leaf and root tissues contained the highest levels of ginkgolide A, as compared to the callus tissues; leaf tissue contained more of all three marker compounds than the callus tissues.
对银杏叶、根、叶源愈伤组织、根源愈伤组织、银杏内酯A、银杏内酯B、白果内酯以及一种市售银杏产品（达纳康）的甲醇提取物的生物活性进行了评估。生物测定包括根癌农杆菌诱导的马铃薯肿瘤测定以及针对大肠杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌和化脓性链球菌纯菌株的 Kirby-Bauer 微生物敏感性测定。叶、叶源愈伤组织、根源愈伤组织、白果内酯和达纳康的甲醇提取物均能显著抑制肿瘤形成，但比阳性对照喜树碱的抑制作用弱。未检测到对大肠杆菌的活性，但两种愈伤组织类型的提取物均能抑制肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌和化脓性链球菌的生长。所有提取物和参考化合物均能抑制化脓性链球菌的生长。与愈伤组织相比，叶和根组织中银杏内酯A的含量最高；叶组织中所有三种标记化合物的含量均高于愈伤组织。
