van Marum R J, Germs P, Ribbe M W
Vakgroep Huisarts- en verpleeghuisgeneeskunde Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam.
Tijdschr Gerontol Geriatr. 1992 Apr;23(2):48-53.
Decubitus must be considered an important problem in public health care. In the Netherlands (total population 15 million) the costs of prevention and treatment of decubitus in the hospitals and nursing homes are approximately Dfl. 700 million per year. In order to identify patients at risk for the development of decubitus at an early stage. Norton and colleagues developed a scoring system that includes an assessment of general physical condition, mental status, activity level, mobility and incontinence. In a prospective study in 224 somatic nursing home patients we investigated the relationship between the Norton-score and the appearance of decubitus. The authors conclude that, when using the Norton-score, it is not possible to differentiate patients at risk clearly from patients with no risk. From the five items used by Norton, only mobility and, to a lesser degree, general physical condition, show a significant relation with the occurrence of decubitus ulcers. In order to identify the patients at risk roughly, the physician can suffice with scoring these two items.
褥疮必须被视为公共卫生保健中的一个重要问题。在荷兰（总人口1500万），医院和养老院中褥疮的预防和治疗费用每年约为7亿荷兰盾。为了早期识别有发生褥疮风险的患者，诺顿及其同事开发了一种评分系统，该系统包括对一般身体状况、精神状态、活动水平、行动能力和失禁情况的评估。在一项针对224名躯体疾病养老院患者的前瞻性研究中，我们调查了诺顿评分与褥疮出现之间的关系。作者得出结论，使用诺顿评分时，无法清楚地区分有风险的患者和无风险的患者。在诺顿使用的五个项目中，只有行动能力以及在较小程度上的一般身体状况与褥疮溃疡的发生有显著关系。为了大致识别有风险的患者，医生对这两个项目进行评分就足够了。
