Dougall Angela Liegey, Hayward Michele C, Baum Andrew
Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
Psychiatry. 2005 Spring;68(1):28-42. doi: 10.1521/psyc.68.1.28.64188.
This study examined media exposure and adjustment to anthrax bioterrorism attacks and the terrorist attacks on 9/11 in a sample of 300 people who lived distant from the attacks. Measures of direct and indirect exposure to terrorism, perceived risk of anthrax exposure, psychological distress, and outlook were assessed at 2 to 3 months and at 8 months after the first reported anthrax attack. Initial anthrax media exposure was a powerful predictor of distress, whereas subsequent anthrax media exposure only predicted negative changes in outlook over time. Perceived risk of anthrax exposure predicted distress and outlook but did not appear to mediate the effects of media exposure. Determining the nature and consequences of media exposure to threatening and frightening events like terrorism will help predict and manage response to future bioterrorism.
本研究在300名居住在远离袭击地点的人群样本中，考察了媒体曝光与对炭疽生物恐怖袭击以及9·11恐怖袭击的适应情况。在首次报告炭疽袭击后的2至3个月以及8个月时，评估了对恐怖主义的直接和间接接触程度、感知到的炭疽暴露风险、心理困扰和展望。最初的炭疽媒体曝光是困扰情绪的有力预测指标，而随后的炭疽媒体曝光仅能预测随着时间推移展望方面的负面变化。感知到的炭疽暴露风险可预测困扰情绪和展望，但似乎并未介导媒体曝光的影响。确定媒体对恐怖主义等威胁性和可怕事件的曝光性质及后果，将有助于预测和管理对未来生物恐怖主义的应对。
