Matos M, Camacho M V, Pérez-Flores V, Pernaute B, Pinto-Carnide O, Benito C
Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.
Theor Appl Genet. 2005 Jul;111(2):360-9. doi: 10.1007/s00122-005-2029-1. Epub 2005 May 19.
Rye has one of the most efficient groups of genes for aluminum tolerance (Alt) among cultivated species of Triticeae. This tolerance is controlled by, at least, three independent and dominant loci (Alt1, Alt2, and Alt3) located on chromosome arms 6RS, 3RS, and 4RL, respectively. The segregation of Alt genes and several random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), Secale cereale inter-microsatellite (SCIM), and Secale cereale microsatellite (SCM) markers in three F(2) between a tolerant cultivar (Ailés) and a non-tolerant inbred line (Riodeva) were studied. The segregation ratio obtained for aluminum tolerance in the three F(2) populations analyzed was 3:1 (tolerant:non-tolerant), indicating that tolerance is controlled by one dominant locus. SCIM811(1376) was linked to an Alt gene in the three F(2) populations studied, and three different SCIMs and one RAPD (SCIM811(1376), SCIM812(626), SCIM812(1138), and OPQ4(725)) were linked to the Alt gene in two F(2) populations. This result indicated that the same Alt gene was segregating in the three crosses. SCIM819(1434) and OPQ4(578) linked to the tolerance gene in one F(2) population were located using wheat-rye ditelosomic addition lines on the 7RS chromosome arm. The Alt locus is mapped between SCIM819(1434) and the OPQ4(578) markers. Two microsatellite loci (SCM-40 and SCM-86), previously located on chromosome 7R, were also linked to the Alt gene. Therefore, the Alt gene segregating in these F(2) populations is new and probably could be orthologous to the Alt genes located on wheat chromosome arm 4DL, on barley chromosome arm 4HL, on rye chromosome arm 4RL, and rice chromosome 3. This new Alt gene located on rye chromosome arm 7RS was named Alt4. A map of rye chromosome 7R with the Alt4 gene, 16 SCIM and RAPD, markers and two SCM markers was obtained.
在小麦族的栽培物种中，黑麦拥有一组最为高效的耐铝（Alt）基因。这种耐受性至少由分别位于6RS、3RS和4RL染色体臂上的三个独立显性基因座（Alt1、Alt2和Alt3）控制。研究了耐铝品种（Ailés）与不耐铝自交系（Riodeva）杂交得到的三个F₂群体中Alt基因以及几个随机扩增多态性DNA（RAPD）、黑麦微卫星间标记（SCIM）和黑麦微卫星（SCM）标记的分离情况。在分析的三个F₂群体中，获得的耐铝分离比例为3:1（耐铝:不耐铝），表明耐受性由一个显性基因座控制。在研究的三个F₂群体中，SCIM811(1376)与一个Alt基因连锁，在两个F₂群体中，三个不同的SCIM和一个RAPD（SCIM811(1376)、SCIM812(626)、SCIM812(1138)和OPQ4(725)）与Alt基因连锁。这一结果表明，在这三个杂交组合中分离的是同一个Alt基因。在一个F₂群体中与耐铝基因连锁的SCIM819(1434)和OPQ4(578)，利用小麦 - 黑麦双端体附加系定位到了7RS染色体臂上。Alt基因座定位在SCIM819(1434)和OPQ4(578)标记之间。之前定位在7R染色体上的两个微卫星基因座（SCM - 40和SCM - 86）也与Alt基因连锁。因此，在这些F₂群体中分离的Alt基因是新的，可能与位于小麦4DL染色体臂、大麦4HL染色体臂、黑麦4RL染色体臂和水稻第3染色体上的Alt基因是直系同源的。这个位于黑麦7RS染色体臂上的新Alt基因被命名为Alt4。获得了一张包含Alt4基因、16个SCIM和RAPD标记以及两个SCM标记的黑麦7R染色体图谱。
