Fabian Mashauri M, Toma Takako, Tsuzuki Ataru, Saita Susumu, Miyagi Ichiro
Laboratory of Medical Zoology, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa, Japan.
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 2005 Jan;36(1):54-63.
Six mark-release-recapture experiments with Anopheles saperoi Bohart and Ingram were performed in the Yona Forest, northern Okinawa, Japan from June 1998 - November 1999, in order to estimate the gonotrophic cycle, survival, spatial distribution, flight range, and population size of An. saperoi. Adults and immature An. saperoi were collected from the Yona Forest area, taken to the laboratory and maintained under a controlled temperature and humidity in order to get a lager number of mosquitos for the mark-release-recapture experiments. Cohorts of An. saperoi females and males, numbering 3,016, 4,728, 327, and 2,603 for experiments I, II, III, and IV, respectively, were released. Cohorts of An. saperoi females only, numbering 709 and 586 for experiments V and VI, respectively, were also released. At the release site, the An. saperoi were marked with 0.5% fluorescent dye Rhodamine B and released. The recapture rates were 14 (0.93%), 33 (1.40%), 3 (1.83%), 32 (2.46%), 14 (1.97%), and 22 (3.75%) for experiments 1, II, III, IV, V, and VI, respectively. The length of the gonotrophic cycle of the recaptured An. saperoi females was estimated to be about 4 days, through the dissection method. The daily survival rate was estimated to be 0.73 by regression coefficient. The spatial distribution of marked, recaptured An. saperoi was similar to that of unmarked captured An. saperoi. The spatial distribution of the marked, recaptured An. saperoi among the collection site categories was significantly different. The observed differences in the frequency distribution of marked recaptured An. saperoi were considered to be due to the spatial variation of the habitats between the collection sites. The maximum flight range of the recaptured An. saperoi recorded in this study was 0.93 km. The population size of An. saperoi females in the study area was estimated by the Seber method to be 23,841, 1,182, 3,514, 5,679, and 9,238 for experiments I, II, IV, V, and VI, respectively. The estimated population size has a low standard of error using the Seber method, therefore we estimated our population size reasonably well. The population attributes and ecology of An. saperoi in the Yona Forest, in northern Okinawa are discussed.
1998年6月至1999年11月，在日本冲绳北部的与那森林对萨氏按蚊（Bohart和Ingram）进行了6次标记释放再捕获实验，以估算萨氏按蚊的生殖营养周期、存活率、空间分布、飞行范围和种群数量。从与那森林地区收集成年和未成熟的萨氏按蚊，带回实验室并在可控的温度和湿度条件下饲养，以便获得大量用于标记释放再捕获实验的蚊子。分别为实验I、II、III和IV释放了萨氏按蚊雌蚊和雄蚊群体，数量分别为3016只、4728只、327只和2603只。还分别为实验V和VI释放了仅由萨氏按蚊雌蚊组成的群体，数量分别为709只和586只。在释放地点，用0.5%的荧光染料罗丹明B对萨氏按蚊进行标记后释放。实验1、II、III、IV、V和VI的再捕获率分别为14只（0.93%）、33只（1.40%）、3只（1.83%）、32只（2.46%）、14只（1.97%）和22只（3.75%）。通过解剖方法估计，再捕获的萨氏按蚊雌蚊的生殖营养周期长度约为4天。通过回归系数估计每日存活率为0.73。标记再捕获的萨氏按蚊的空间分布与未标记捕获的萨氏按蚊相似。标记再捕获的萨氏按蚊在收集地点类别之间的空间分布存在显著差异。观察到的标记再捕获萨氏按蚊频率分布的差异被认为是由于收集地点之间栖息地的空间变化所致。本研究中记录的再捕获萨氏按蚊的最大飞行范围为0.93千米。通过Seber方法估计，研究区域内萨氏按蚊雌蚊的种群数量在实验I、II、IV、V和VI中分别为23841只、1182只、3514只、5679只和9238只。使用Seber方法估计的种群数量标准误差较低，因此我们对种群数量的估计较为合理。讨论了冲绳北部与那森林中萨氏按蚊的种群特征和生态学。
