Chiang G L, Loong K P, Mahadevan S, Eng K L
Division of Medical Entomology, Institute for Medical Research, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 1988 Jun;19(2):271-82.
Five mark-release-recapture experiments with wild caught Ma. uniformis were conducted in an open swamp area at Batang Berjuntai in Selangor, 40 km from Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, between May 1983 and January 1985. A total of 64 (0.14%) from the 45,950 females released were recaptured feeding on humans and cattle and resting in cattle-sheds. Substantially fewer (0.03% to 0.09%) females were recaptured from releases of blood-fed females than from releases of unfed females (0.20% to 0.23%). More than 70% of all recaptures were taken within a radius of 1.5 km around the point of release and the longest detected flight was 3.5 km. The mean dispersal distance for blood-fed and unfed females was 1.445 +/- 1.06 and 1.706 +/- 1.03 km, respectively. However, there was no significant difference in the overall mean dispersal of the two groups of females (p greater than 0.05). The duration of the gonotrophic cycle in the field was between 3 to 4 days. Daily survivorship estimates (0.783-0.867) based on the recapture rates of date specific marked females was comparable to that estimated vertically from the dissection of unmarked females (0.751-0.795). These experiments revealed the remarkable flying ability of Ma. uniformis and the importance of reinvasion must be recognized when control operations are restricted to small areas.
1983年5月至1985年1月期间，在马来西亚吉隆坡40公里外雪兰莪州的巴当贝君台一个开阔的沼泽地区，对野外捕获的致倦库蚊进行了五次标记释放再捕获实验。在释放的45950只雌性致倦库蚊中，共有64只（0.14%）被重新捕获，它们正在吸食人类和牛的血液，并在牛棚中休息。与未进食的雌性致倦库蚊释放后被重新捕获的比例（0.20%至0.23%）相比，吸食血液的雌性致倦库蚊释放后被重新捕获的比例要少得多（0.03%至0.09%）。所有重新捕获的致倦库蚊中，超过70%是在释放点周围1.5公里半径范围内捕获的，检测到的最长飞行距离为3.5公里。吸食血液和未进食的雌性致倦库蚊的平均扩散距离分别为1.445±1.06公里和1.706±1.03公里。然而，两组雌性致倦库蚊的总体平均扩散没有显著差异（p大于0.05）。野外生殖营养周期的持续时间为3至4天。根据特定日期标记雌性致倦库蚊的再捕获率估算的每日存活率（0.783 - 0.867）与从未标记雌性致倦库蚊解剖中垂直估算的存活率（0.751 - 0.795）相当。这些实验揭示了致倦库蚊卓越的飞行能力，并且当控制行动局限于小区域时，必须认识到再次入侵的重要性。
