Bretz W A, Corby P M A, Hart T C, Costa S, Coelho M Q, Weyant R J, Robinson M, Schork N J
School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 3501 Terrace Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
Caries Res. 2005 May-Jun;39(3):168-72. doi: 10.1159/000084793.
To determine the relative contribution of genetic and environmental stimuli on dental caries traits and microbial acid production in a twin model.
Dental caries examinations and microbial acid production assays were performed on 388 pairs of twins 1.5-8 years old from the city of Montes Claros, Brazil. Genotyping 8 polymorphic DNA markers determined zygosity. Caries exams followed NIDCR criteria modified to distinguish white spot lesions from cavitated lesions. Surface-based caries prevalence rates (SBCPR) were computed and lesion severity was determined by a weighted index (LSI). Biofilm samples were collected from the tongue using a lactic acid indicator swab. Assay scores were categorized based on acid formation as 1 = low, 2 = medium, and 3 = high. Heritability analyses were performed using the SOLAR software package.
Heritability estimates for SBCPRs, LSI and for microbial acid production were H = 76.3 (p < 0.001), H = 70.6 (p < 0.001), H = 16.2 (p = 0.0078), respectively. Treating microbial acid production as a covariate in the SBCPR and LSI models did not significantly alter the heritability estimates, i.e. H = 76.5 (p < 0.001) and H = 70.8 (p < 0.001), respectively.
These results suggest that variation in dental caries surface traits has a significant genetic contribution and that microbial acid production is modulated by the environment.
在双胞胎模型中确定遗传和环境刺激对龋齿特征及微生物产酸的相对贡献。
对来自巴西蒙特斯克拉罗斯市的388对1.5至8岁双胞胎进行龋齿检查和微生物产酸测定。对8个多态性DNA标记进行基因分型以确定合子性。龋齿检查遵循经修改的美国国立牙科和颅面研究所（NIDCR）标准，以区分白斑病变和龋洞病变。计算基于表面的龋齿患病率（SBCPR），并通过加权指数（LSI）确定病变严重程度。使用乳酸指示剂拭子从舌头采集生物膜样本。根据酸形成情况将测定分数分类为1 = 低，2 = 中，3 = 高。使用SOLAR软件包进行遗传力分析。
SBCPR、LSI和微生物产酸的遗传力估计值分别为H = 76.3（p < 0.001）、H = 70.6（p < 0.001）、H = 16.2（p = 0.0078）。在SBCPR和LSI模型中将微生物产酸作为协变量处理并未显著改变遗传力估计值，即分别为H = 76.5（p < 0.001）和H = 70.8（p < 0.001）。
这些结果表明，龋齿表面特征的变异有显著的遗传贡献，且微生物产酸受环境调节。
