Schmidt D, Horn L-C, Kommoss F
Institut für Pathologie, Mannheim.
Pathologe. 2005 Jul;26(4):255-61. doi: 10.1007/s00292-005-0765-2.
The introduction of a screening programme for carcinoma of the cervix uteri has lead to a reduction in the number of invasive carcinomas and to a relative increase in the frequency of preinvasive cervical lesions. The most frequent type of invasive cancer of the cervix is squamous cell carcinoma. Adenocarcinomas are much more infrequent. Special subtypes of squamous cell carcinomas are the papillary (squamotransitional) subtype, the verrrucous subtype and the lymphoepithelioma-like subtype. Among the various forms of adenocarcinoma, the mucinous subtype is the most frequent, either as endocervical or interstinal subtype. Much more rare are the serous and clear cell carcinomas. Great concern in daily diagnosis causes the adenoma malignum (minimal deviation adenocarcinoma), since this type of adenocarcinoma demonstrates only minor cytological atypia and greatly resembles the different types of endocervical glandular hyperplasia.A report on a cervical carcinoma should always include the typing and grading of the tumor. Immunohistochemical stains are often useful to distinguish the various types of primary cervical cancer and to distinguish these from metastatic lesions.
子宫颈癌筛查计划的引入已导致浸润性癌数量减少，宫颈浸润前病变的频率相对增加。子宫颈最常见的浸润性癌类型是鳞状细胞癌。腺癌则更为少见。鳞状细胞癌的特殊亚型有乳头状（鳞状移行性）亚型、疣状亚型和淋巴上皮瘤样亚型。在各种腺癌形式中，黏液性亚型最为常见，包括宫颈内膜型或肠型。浆液性癌和透明细胞癌则更为罕见。日常诊断中备受关注的是恶性腺瘤（微小偏离性腺癌），因为这种类型的腺癌仅表现出轻微的细胞学异型性，与各种类型的宫颈内膜腺体增生极为相似。关于宫颈癌的报告应始终包括肿瘤的分型和分级。免疫组织化学染色通常有助于区分原发性宫颈癌的各种类型，并将其与转移性病变区分开来。
