van den Heuvel S G, Heinrich J, Jans M P, van der Beek A J, Bongers P M
TNO Work and Employment, RSI and Physical Activity, P.O. Box 718, 2130 AS, Hoofddorp, The Netherlands.
Prev Med. 2005 Jul;41(1):260-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.11.006. Epub 2004 Dec 30.
: Little is known of the preventive effects of physical activity in leisure time on neck and upper limb symptoms.
: A cohort of 1742 employees was selected from a prospective cohort study with a follow-up period of 3 years. Independent variables were sporting activities and physically active commuting. Outcome measures were neck/shoulder symptoms and elbow/wrist/hand symptoms as well as sickness absence due to these symptoms. To analyze the data, the generalized estimating equation (GEE) method was used, with adjustment for individual characteristics, such as age, gender, lifestyle, and the outcome at baseline.
: Practicing sports for at least 10 months a year decreased the risk of neck/shoulder symptoms (OR: 0.82; CI: 0.67-0.99), sickness absence (OR: 0.48; CI: 0.28-0.84), and long-term sickness absence (OR: 0.37; CI: 0.17-0.84) due to neck or upper limb symptoms. A high mean intensity (> or = 3 h per week) of sporting activities had less effect than the continuation of these activities throughout the year.
: Sustained sporting activities have a favorable effect on neck/shoulder symptoms and on sickness absence due to neck or upper limb symptoms. An effect of physically active commuting could not be demonstrated, although there was a tendency towards a favorable effect on sickness absence.
关于休闲时间体育活动对颈部和上肢症状的预防作用知之甚少。
从一项为期3年的前瞻性队列研究中选取了1742名员工。自变量为体育活动和积极的通勤方式。观察指标为颈部/肩部症状、肘部/腕部/手部症状以及因这些症状导致的病假。为分析数据，采用广义估计方程（GEE）方法，并对年龄、性别、生活方式等个体特征以及基线时的观察指标进行了调整。
每年进行至少10个月的体育活动可降低因颈部或上肢症状导致的颈部/肩部症状风险（比值比：0.82；可信区间：0.67 - 0.99）、病假风险（比值比：0.48；可信区间：0.28 - 0.84）以及长期病假风险（比值比：0.37；可信区间：0.17 - 0.84）。体育活动的平均强度较高（每周≥3小时）的效果不如全年持续进行这些活动。
持续的体育活动对颈部/肩部症状以及因颈部或上肢症状导致的病假有积极影响。尽管积极的通勤方式对病假有积极影响的趋势，但未显示出其效果。
