Byaruhanga Romano, Bergstrom Anna, Okong Pius
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, St. Francis Hospital, Nsambya, Uganda.
J Trop Pediatr. 2005 Aug;51(4):212-5. doi: 10.1093/tropej/fmh098. Epub 2005 May 25.
The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of neonatal hypothermia and associated risk factors. A cross sectional, descriptive study of neonatal hypothermia was performed on 300 newborns consecutively recruited day and night during 2 months at a Ugandan periurban hospital. Parallel tympanic and rectal temperature measurements were made at 10, 30, 60, and 90 min post partum. Rectal temperatures taken at 10, 30, 60, and 90 min showed that 29, 82, 83, and 79 per cent of the newborns, respectively, were hypothermic. Newborns observed to have no body contact with the mother comprised 87 per cent of hypothermic newborns, whereas this was the case in 75 per cent of non-hypothermic newborns (p = 0.03). The mean birthweight was 3218 g. Low birthweight newborns constituted 9/86 (10 per cent) among hypothermic newborns, whereas this was the case in 9/209 (4 per cent) among non-hypothermic newborns at 10 min (p = 0.08). Adolescent mothers were encountered more often among mothers with neonatal hypothermia of the newborn than among non-hypothermic newborns (p = 0.025). Parity, preterm delivery, daytime or night time delivery, rupture of membranes >24 h and location of newborns in theatre, labour ward, or nursery did not differ when hypothermic and non-hypothermic newborns were compared. A persistent pattern of high prevalence of neonatal hypothermia was confirmed and indicates that more vigorous efforts have to be undertaken, also in a tropical setting, to overcome problems of non-adherence to appropriate methods for thermo-protection of the newborn.
该研究的目的是确定新生儿低体温的患病率及相关危险因素。在乌干达一家城郊医院，对连续两个月日夜招募的300名新生儿进行了一项关于新生儿低体温的横断面描述性研究。在产后10、30、60和90分钟时同时进行鼓膜温度和直肠温度测量。产后10、30、60和90分钟时测量的直肠温度显示，分别有29%、82%、83%和79%的新生儿体温过低。观察发现，与母亲无身体接触的新生儿占体温过低新生儿的87%，而在体温正常的新生儿中这一比例为75%（p = 0.03）。平均出生体重为3218克。低出生体重的新生儿在体温过低的新生儿中占9/86（10%），而在体温正常的新生儿中，产后10分钟时这一比例为9/209（4%）（p = 0.08）。与体温正常的新生儿母亲相比，新生儿体温过低的母亲中青少年母亲更为常见（p = 0.025）。比较体温过低和体温正常的新生儿时，胎次早产、白天或夜间分娩、胎膜破裂>24小时以及新生儿在手术室、产房或新生儿重症监护室的位置并无差异。新生儿低体温的高患病率这一持续模式得到证实，这表明即使在热带地区，也必须做出更大努力来克服不遵守新生儿体温保护适当方法的问题。
