Doi K
Kurt Rossmann Laboratories for Radiologic Image Research, Department of Radiology, The University of Chicago, 5841 South Maryland, MC 2026, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
Br J Radiol. 2005;78 Spec No 1:S3-S19. doi: 10.1259/bjr/82933343.
Computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) has become one of the major research subjects in medical imaging and diagnostic radiology. The basic concept of CAD is to provide a computer output as a second opinion to assist radiologists' image interpretation by improving the accuracy and consistency of radiological diagnosis and also by reducing the image reading time. In this article, a number of CAD schemes are presented, with emphasis on potential clinical applications. These schemes include: (1) detection and classification of lung nodules on digital chest radiographs; (2) detection of nodules in low dose CT; (3) distinction between benign and malignant nodules on high resolution CT; (4) usefulness of similar images for distinction between benign and malignant lesions; (5) quantitative analysis of diffuse lung diseases on high resolution CT; and (6) detection of intracranial aneurysms in magnetic resonance angiography. Because CAD can be applied to all imaging modalities, all body parts and all kinds of examinations, it is likely that CAD will have a major impact on medical imaging and diagnostic radiology in the 21st century.
计算机辅助诊断（CAD）已成为医学成像和诊断放射学的主要研究课题之一。CAD的基本概念是提供计算机输出作为第二种意见，通过提高放射学诊断的准确性和一致性以及减少图像阅读时间来辅助放射科医生进行图像解读。本文介绍了一些CAD方案，重点是潜在的临床应用。这些方案包括：（1）数字胸部X光片上肺结节的检测与分类；（2）低剂量CT中结节的检测；（3）高分辨率CT上良性与恶性结节的区分；（4）相似图像对良性与恶性病变区分的有用性；（5）高分辨率CT上弥漫性肺部疾病的定量分析；以及（6）磁共振血管造影中颅内动脉瘤的检测。由于CAD可应用于所有成像模态、身体所有部位和各类检查，CAD很可能在21世纪对医学成像和诊断放射学产生重大影响。
