Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy.
Cells. 2021 Mar 4;10(3):553. doi: 10.3390/cells10030553.
The lung is the most frequent site of osteosarcoma (OS) metastases, which are a critical point in defining a patient's prognosis. Chest computed tomography (CT) represents the gold standard for the detection of lung metastases even if its sensitivity widely ranges in the literature since lung localizations are often atypical. ESMO guidelines represent one of the major references for the follow-up program of OS patients. The development of new reconstruction techniques, such as the iterative method and the deep learning-based image reconstruction (DLIR), has led to a significant reduction of the radiation dose with the low-dose CT. The improvement of these techniques has great importance considering the young-onset of the disease and the strict chest surveillance during follow-up programs. The use of F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/CT is still controversial, while volume doubling time (VDT) and computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems are recent diagnostic tools that could support radiologists for lung nodules evaluation. Their use, well-established for other malignancies, needs to be further evaluated, focusing on OS patients.
肺是骨肉瘤（OS）转移最常见的部位，这是确定患者预后的关键。胸部计算机断层扫描（CT）是检测肺转移的金标准，尽管其敏感性在文献中广泛存在差异，因为肺部定位通常不典型。ESMO 指南是 OS 患者随访计划的主要参考之一。新的重建技术的发展，如迭代方法和基于深度学习的图像重建（DLIR），导致低剂量 CT 的辐射剂量显著降低。考虑到疾病的年轻化和随访计划中严格的胸部监测，这些技术的改进非常重要。氟代脱氧葡萄糖（FDG）正电子发射断层扫描（PET）/CT 的使用仍存在争议，而体积倍增时间（VDT）和计算机辅助诊断（CAD）系统是最近的诊断工具，可以帮助放射科医生评估肺结节。它们在其他恶性肿瘤中的应用已经得到了充分的证实，需要进一步评估，特别是针对 OS 患者。
