Puffer J C, McShane J M
Division of Family Medicine, University of California, School of Medicine, Los Angeles.
Clin Sports Med. 1992 Apr;11(2):327-38.
For the most part, the competitive athlete is a well-adjusted individual who demonstrates considerable vigor and well-being, as well as less depression, anxiety, and fatigue than nonathletic counterparts. The well-trained athlete, however, may also have a personality that is somewhat rigid, strongly goal oriented, and perfectionist. It is not unrealistic to expect that when confronted with diminished performance or success, such an athlete may be compelled to drive himself or herself harder to succeed. Such behavior typically leads to the phenomenon of overtraining, which can express itself in the form of chronic fatigue and depression. There are a number of other organic causes of chronic fatigue and depression, however, which must be excluded by careful evaluation and appropriate diagnostic testing. Although the evaluation of the athlete who presents with chronic fatigue and depression can be somewhat complex, a diagnostic framework has been outlined here to assist the clinician in the assessment of an athlete who presents with such complaints.
在很大程度上，竞技运动员是适应良好的个体，表现出相当的活力和健康状态，与非运动员相比，抑郁、焦虑和疲劳程度更低。然而，训练有素的运动员也可能具有某种刻板、目标导向性强和完美主义的性格。当面对成绩或成功的下降时，期望这样的运动员会迫使自己更加努力去取得成功并非不切实际。这种行为通常会导致过度训练现象，其表现形式可能是慢性疲劳和抑郁。然而，慢性疲劳和抑郁还有许多其他器质性原因，必须通过仔细评估和适当的诊断测试加以排除。尽管对出现慢性疲劳和抑郁的运动员进行评估可能会有些复杂，但这里已概述了一个诊断框架，以帮助临床医生评估有此类主诉的运动员。
