Downs Sara H, Brändli Otto, Zellweger Jean-Pierre, Schindler Christian, Künzli Nino, Gerbase Margaret W, Burdet Luc, Bettschart Robert, Zemp Elisabeth, Frey Martin, Keller Roland, Tschopp Jean-Marie, Leuenberger Philippe, Ackermann-Liebrich Ursula
Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Basle, Basle, Switzerland.
Respir Res. 2005 May 26;6(1):45. doi: 10.1186/1465-9921-6-45.
The aim was to determine if effects from smoking on lung function measured over 11 years differ between men and women.
In a prospective population based cohort study (Swiss Study on Air Pollution and Lung Diseases in Adults) current smokers in 1991 (18-60 yrs) were reassessed in 2002 (n = 1792). Multiple linear regression was used to estimate effects from pack-years of cigarettes smoked to 1991 and mean packs of cigarettes smoked per day between 1991 and 2002 on change in lung volume and flows over the 11 years.
In both sexes, packs smoked between assessments were related to lung function decline but pack-years smoked before 1991 were not. Mean annual decline in FEV1 was -10.4 mL(95%CI -15.3, -5.5) per pack per day between assessments in men and -13.8 mL(95%CI-19.5,-8.1) in women. Decline per pack per day between 1991 and 2002 was lower in women who smoked in 1991 but quit before 2002 compared to persistent smokers (-6.4 vs -11.6 mL, p = 0.05) but this was not seen in men (-14.3 vs -8.8 mL p = 0.49). Smoking related decline was accelerated in men and women with airway obstruction, particularly in women where decline in FEV1 was three fold higher in participants with FEV1/FVC<0.70 compared to other women (-39.4 vs -12.2 mL/yr per pack per day, p < 0.002).
There are differences in effects from smoking on lung function between men and women. Lung function recovers faster in women quitters than in men. Women current smokers with airway obstruction experience a greater smoking related decline in lung function than men.
目的是确定吸烟对肺功能的影响在11年期间男性和女性是否存在差异。
在一项基于人群的前瞻性队列研究（瑞士成人空气污染与肺部疾病研究）中，1991年（18 - 60岁）的现吸烟者于2002年进行了重新评估（n = 1792）。采用多元线性回归来估计截至1991年的吸烟包年数以及1991年至2002年期间每天平均吸烟包数对11年肺容量和气流变化的影响。
在两性中，两次评估之间的吸烟包数与肺功能下降有关，但1991年之前的吸烟包年数与肺功能下降无关。男性两次评估之间FEV1的平均年下降量为每包每天-10.4 mL（95%CI -15.3，-5.5），女性为-13.8 mL（95%CI -19.5，-8.1）。与持续吸烟者相比，1991年吸烟但在2002年之前戒烟的女性在1991年至2002年期间每包每天的下降量更低（-6.4 vs -11.6 mL，p = 0.05），但在男性中未观察到这种情况（-14.3 vs -8.8 mL，p = 0.49）。气道阻塞的男性和女性吸烟相关的下降加速，特别是在女性中，FEV1/FVC<0.70的参与者的FEV1下降量比其他女性高3倍（-39.4 vs -12.2 mL/年每包每天，p < 0.002）。
吸烟对肺功能的影响在男性和女性之间存在差异。女性戒烟者的肺功能恢复比男性更快。患有气道阻塞的女性现吸烟者与男性相比，吸烟相关的肺功能下降更大。
