Ventura Paulo, Morais José, Kolinsky Régine
Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal.
Brain Cogn. 2005 Jul;58(2):202-12. doi: 10.1016/j.bandc.2004.11.004.
The issue of the relationship between semantic features and semantic categories has been raised by Warrington and colleagues, who claimed that sensory and functional-associative features are differentially important in determining the meaning of living and nonliving things (Warrington & McCarthy, 1983, 1987; Warrington & Shallice, 1984). In the present study, the effectiveness of semantic memory search for living and nonliving things with sensory and functional-associative search cues was evaluated through eight different adaptations of the semantic fluency task. More living thing responses and clusters were generated from sensory than from functional-associative search cues, while the reverse pattern holds for nonliving things responses and clusters. The results thus provide consistent empirical support for the assumption that sensory properties are fundamental in the representation of living things, while functional-associative properties are fundamental in the semantic representation of nonliving things.
沃林顿及其同事提出了语义特征与语义范畴之间的关系问题，他们声称，感觉特征和功能联想特征在确定生物和非生物的意义方面具有不同的重要性（沃林顿和麦卡锡，1983年、1987年；沃林顿和沙利斯，1984年）。在本研究中，通过对语义流畅性任务的八种不同改编，评估了利用感觉和功能联想搜索线索对生物和非生物进行语义记忆搜索的有效性。从感觉搜索线索中产生的生物反应和聚类比从功能联想搜索线索中产生的更多，而非生物反应和聚类的情况则相反。因此，这些结果为以下假设提供了一致的实证支持：感觉属性在生物的表征中至关重要，而功能联想属性在非生物的语义表征中至关重要。
