Laws K R, Humber S A, Ramsey D J, McCarthy R A
Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Cambridge, UK.
Memory. 1995 Sep-Dec;3(3-4):397-408. doi: 10.1080/09658219508253158.
Neuropsychological studies of patients with "category-specific" semantic memory disorders have fuelled a debate concerning the organisation of knowledge. In particular it has been suggested that the reported double dissociation between knowledge of animals and living things on the one hand, and objects on the other, reflects a more fundamental division of semantic representation into functional-associative and sensory-visual domains. The present study attempted to investigate whether there were systematic differences along these dimensions in normal subjects using a sentence-verification technique. It was found that response times were significantly longer for verification of statements concerning the sensory attributes of objects than for statements about their associative attributes. In the case of animals, there were no differences in response latency to associative or sensory statements. In the light of this previously unreported fractionation within verbal semantics, the possible consequences for models of semantic memory are discussed.
对患有“范畴特异性”语义记忆障碍患者的神经心理学研究引发了一场关于知识组织的争论。特别是有人提出，一方面关于动物和生物的知识，与另一方面关于物体的知识之间所报告的双重解离，反映了语义表征在功能关联和感官视觉领域的更基本划分。本研究试图使用句子验证技术来调查正常受试者在这些维度上是否存在系统差异。结果发现，验证关于物体感官属性的陈述的反应时间明显长于关于其关联属性的陈述。对于动物而言，对关联陈述或感官陈述的反应潜伏期没有差异。鉴于在言语语义学中这一先前未报告的区分现象，本文讨论了其对语义记忆模型可能产生的影响。
