Urum Kingsley, Pekdemir Turgay, Ross David, Grigson Steve
Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK.
Chemosphere. 2005 Jul;60(3):334-43. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.12.038.
This study investigated the removal of crude oil from soil using air sparging assisted stirred tank reactors. Two surfactants (rhamnolipid and sodium dodecyl sulfate, SDS) were tested and the effects of different parameters (i.e. temperature, surfactant concentrations, washing time, volume/mass ratio) were investigated under varying washing modes namely, stirring only, air sparging only and the combination of stirring and air sparging. The results showed that SDS removed more than 80% crude oil from non-weathered soil samples, whilst rhamnolipid showed similar oil removal at the third and fourth levels of the parameters tested. The oil removal ability of the seawater prepared solutions were better than those of the distilled water solutions at the first and second levels of temperature and concentration of surfactant solutions. This approach of soil washing was noted to be effective in reducing the amount of oil in soil. Therefore we suggested that a field scale test be conducted to assess the efficiency of these surfactants.
本研究调查了使用空气喷射辅助搅拌釜式反应器从土壤中去除原油的情况。测试了两种表面活性剂（鼠李糖脂和十二烷基硫酸钠，SDS），并在不同的洗涤模式下，即仅搅拌、仅空气喷射以及搅拌与空气喷射相结合的方式下，研究了不同参数（即温度、表面活性剂浓度、洗涤时间、体积/质量比）的影响。结果表明，SDS从未风化的土壤样品中去除了超过80%的原油，而鼠李糖脂在测试参数的第三和第四水平下显示出相似的除油效果。在表面活性剂溶液的温度和浓度的第一和第二水平下，海水配制溶液的除油能力优于蒸馏水配制溶液。这种土壤洗涤方法被认为在减少土壤中的油量方面是有效的。因此，我们建议进行现场规模试验以评估这些表面活性剂的效率。
